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Baking is a popular product that is in demand at any time of the year by consumers of different ages, professions and financial status. Therefore, a mini-bakery can be interesting as a business, and profitable and stable.

If you are attracted to the baking business in general, then you may be interested in the idea. If the volume of your investments is limited, or you are interested in the concept of a small enterprise, then opening a mini-bakery is more suitable for you, which will be discussed later.

Check out a few ready-made mini-bakery business plans:

1. Business plan for a mini-bakery with a payback period of 5 months. Download the mini-bakery business plan
2. Business plan for the Pyshka mini-bakery with a production and financial plan. Download the business plan for the Pyshka mini-bakery
3. Business plan for a mini-bakery with a detailed description of the organization of work. Download the mini-bakery business plan
4. Business plan for a mini-bakery from a fairly detailed term paper with financial calculations. Download the mini-bakery business plan with calculations

How to open a mini-bakery

A mini-bakery can exist both separately and as part of shopping centers or hypermarkets. Some entrepreneurs who have opened a mini-bakery prefer to sell their products through mobile points of sale (these can be small vans or car trailers).

Business registration

To register a mini-bakery, the form of individual entrepreneurship is best suited. In some cases, it may be more appropriate to register a limited liability company right away, especially if you plan to expand your business in the near future or establish a company not alone, but together with a partner (s). When filling out the registration forms, you will be required to enter the codes for the activity that you are going to engage in.

Please note: if you plan to sell products in the same place where you will manufacture them, then you should specify the code “Activities of restaurants and cafes”. Enter the code "Retail" as an additional activity.

Location and size of the room

When choosing the location of a future bakery, it is worth considering the fact whether baking will be sold in the bakery itself. If you organize production in such a way that freshly baked products will be delivered to other points where they will be sold to the final consumer, then the choice of the location of the bakery should be based, first of all, on the possibility of fast and trouble-free delivery of baked goods.

And if you sell pastries in a bakery, then it is important to find a place characterized by high traffic. The city center, places near recreation parks, shopping centers, office centers are ideal. When you have decided on the area, it is worth talking with its owners about the prospect of buying out the premises, of course, if you plan to do this business seriously and for a long time.

Regarding rental prices, it is difficult to determine specific figures, since prices in different cities and even regions can vary significantly. For example, in Moscow, the cost of renting premises for a mini-bakery will be approximately from 8 to 30 dollars per square meter.

It will take up to 140 square meters to accommodate all the baking equipment and organize a small sales area. There are also very small bakeries (that's why they are "mini"), which cost a much smaller area.

The sanitary-epidemiological station and the fire inspection will put forward standard requirements for the premises: the mandatory presence of a ventilation system, sewerage, utility rooms, a bathroom, whitewashed ceilings.

Purchase of raw materials

In this business, it is important to establish contacts with suppliers who will provide high quality raw materials and deliver them to you on time. However, keep in mind that every food product tends to deteriorate, so buying raw materials in huge quantities will not work. You simply do not have time to make pastries from it and sell it before the raw materials are already unusable. It is recommended to purchase the first batch of raw materials immediately before the start of the mini-bakery.

The main raw material is flour, and if you want to achieve high quality finished products, use only the highest grade flour. You will also need yeast, vegetable oil, regular and vanilla sugar, salt, baking powder and thickeners.

Your products should be of interest to the consumer with their diversity, so use all kinds of additives both for decoration and for giving special taste properties to the product. It can be raisins, almonds, dried apricots, peanuts, fruits, berries, chocolate, jams.

Staff

The main person who will organize and direct the entire work of the mini-bakery in the right direction is the technologist. A good technologist is indispensable if you want to be successful in this business. The rest of the bakery staff will be bakers, cleaners and cashiers.

As a rule, the mini-bakery is managed by the business owner himself, but if this enterprise is not his only one, then it is worth hiring a director or manager. Since the mini-bakery is a small business, there is no need for a full-time accountant either. Typically, bookkeeping is given to or hired by an accountant on a part-time basis.

Equipment for a mini-bakery

To answer the question "How much does it cost to open a mini-bakery", first of all, it is worth considering the cost of equipment. All the equipment necessary for a mini-bakery can be divided into two types: one that is intended for the production of products, and one that is intended for its implementation.

The price of equipment for mini-bakery can be different, depending on the manufacturer. Prices given in brackets are average for this type of equipment. For direct baking you will need:

1. Furnace (15 thousand dollars);
2. Machine for kneading dough (7 thousand dollars);
3. Proofing electric cabinet ($1,000);
4. A special table for working with dough, for example, for cutting it ($1,000);
5. Apparatus for rolling dough (500-600 dollars);
6. Flour Sifter ($300):
7. Trolleys for finished products ($200).

For a mini-bakery, one piece of each equipment is enough. To sell baking, you will need to purchase commercial equipment, namely:

1. Showcase;
2. Cash register;
3. Cabinets for storage of finished products;
4. If desired, tables and chairs for visitors, if the size of the room allows.

It will take about 4-5 thousand dollars for all commercial equipment.

In this material:

Before you start working on a business plan for a bakery, you should decide on its form. What will it be - a full-fledged industrial enterprise with hundreds of jobs or a small bakery? Experts suggest starting with small bakeries, and then you can scale up the business by organizing large-scale industrial production.

Business challenges in this area

The main difficulties of the project in the field of bakery production seem to be high competition and the need to quickly respond to changes in consumer demand. Even 20-30 years ago, there were not very many varieties of bread products, so it was quite easy to satisfy consumer demand. Moreover, in the Russian outback, queues were lining up for ordinary bread. But now the situation is completely different.

In any city bread kiosk, you can count a dozen different types of bread, not to mention other products. Surprise with the production of just a few types of products will not work.

Another important point is the desire of local authorities to regulate the cost of these products as the most socially significant. Such attempts to intervene by the state have a negative impact on production. And although in 2015 a number of such decisions of the subjects of the federation were declared illegal by the antimonopoly committee, a steady trend is still visible.

It is enough to look at neighboring Ukraine, where the state is making progress in this direction. But this has led to the fact that 2/3 of the bakeries have gone into the shade, otherwise they are forced to close. As a result, everyone loses - the producer, the consumer and, in fact, the state itself.

A bakery instead of a bakery

Why start with small bakeries? Firstly, such a project makes it possible not to make large investments. The company will be able to feel the needs of the market by releasing a small amount of products, thereby reducing the risks of operating at a loss to zero.

Secondly, the bakery is a more flexible structure that can quickly adapt to the current demand, find new niches that are not occupied. In a highly mechanized plant, any change will require significant effort on the part of the staff. And this is time, labor and financial losses.

How profitable and expedient is it to open a bakery? The answer to this is given by the fact that among the European countries Russia is the only one in which the delivery of bread is organized to some regions and districts. As a result, part of the population only hears about hot bread, because it comes to them already cooled down.

Preparatory work and search for premises

Before you invest, you need to work on identifying the needs of customers. You will need to collect information from a variety of locations, but most of all you will need to work with salespeople who interact directly with consumers and can point you to the items that are most in demand.

After collecting this information, it is already possible to compile a list of the proposed assortment. It is best to pre-make test baking and put it on the market. This will give you the opportunity to take test measurements. If a niche is found, recipes for all planned products must be certified.

Certification of each product that will be put on the market is mandatory. This procedure made it unnecessary to obtain a license and increased the requirements for the quality of bakery products. It is important to know! The certification procedure can take up to three months, so you need to start with it before starting production.

As soon as the issue with the produced assortment is resolved, you need to start looking for a room. In this case, you need to consider the following points:

1. Will the products be sold from the bakery itself or is it planned to be taken to retail outlets?
2. What equipment will be purchased for the enterprise?

If the sale will be carried out directly from the bakery, the premises should be "pass-through" and located in a place with a large crowd of people. When planning to sell products from retail outlets, the premises can be moved to any area of ​​​​the city or beyond, but then transportation costs must be taken into account.

As for the equipment, its minimum set will require an area of ​​​​about 100 m 2. This kit includes:

• proofing cabinet;
• molding and dough mixing machine;
• bake;
• rounder;
• sift flour.

In the case when all this equipment is purchased as a single complex, the size of the room can be significantly smaller - up to 60 m 2. It is important to know! In addition to certifications, it will be necessary to coordinate the arrangement and location of the enterprise with the SES and the fire service. According to the norms that are imposed by the SES, bread baking cannot be done in the basement. In addition, it is necessary to provide for the presence of the enterprise:

• flowing water supply;
• toilet for staff;
• ventilation systems;
• warehouse for storing raw materials.

Please note that the shop where the products are baked, the packing shop and the warehouse must be located separately from each other.

What investments will be required?

The minimum set of equipment that is included in it is indicated above. It will cost 4 million rubles and more. The furnace will cost 600 thousand rubles and more. Good brands of foreign manufacturers cost around 1 million rubles and more. For example, German stoves cost over 2 million rubles. But such models are resistant to high loads, capable of producing up to 1.5 tons of finished products per day.

In addition to production equipment, you will also need trade equipment. It includes:

• cash machine;
• showcase;
• cabinets designed for storage of products;
• a safe in which documents and cash will be stored;
• furniture and household items.

All this will have to spend about 200 thousand rubles. Renting premises (industrial and commercial) will cost 50-80 thousand rubles. per month. You will immediately have to pay for at least three months - 140-240 thousand rubles.

If transportation is implied (and in most cases you can’t do without it), you will have to buy a Gazelle, and this is another 350 thousand rubles. Taking into account unforeseen expenses and repair of the premises, the initial costs can reach 5-5.5 million rubles.

How to organize work?

With the preliminary work carried out, the test measurements made, which will show the level of demand for certain bakery products, it remains to recruit personnel for the production of bread and establish sales. Both tasks are not as trivial as it might seem at the very beginning.

A baker cannot be a simple person from the street. The fulfillment of the task entrusted to him requires professionalism, the work is very difficult, and its pay is low. The baker receives a salary of 18-25 thousand rubles. The technologist who controls the production process has the same salary level.

In total you will need:

• baker - 2 people if production is carried out during the day, and 4 people - if at night;
• technologist - 1 person;
• a packer who controls the absence of foreign objects in products - 1 person;
• loader - 1-2 people;
• cleaner - 1 person;
• driver - 1 person.

The payroll fund (PAY) will amount to 150-200 thousand rubles. per month. Having recruited staff and launched production, it is worth having ready-made outlets for sale. It is not necessary to open them yourself, although this will only help promote the project and increase the profitability of bread production. We are talking about concluded agreements with network markets, supermarkets and other outlets. You can try to sell products through kiosks, but they are usually opened for some kind of existing production of bakery products, they do not need competitors' products.

Implementation must be taken seriously. It would be a mistake to assume that the smell of hot fresh bread will sell it on its own. This is true if you need to sell only 50-100 kg of bakery products per day. But if you want to sell 1.5 tons or more, smell alone will not be enough - marketing and marketing again.

To open your own outlets, it is not necessary to rent a kiosk or open a store. You can reduce the cost of this process and organize trade from wheels. A specially equipped bread van can be rented or leased, which will reduce the cost of business development.

hidden moments

Despite the fact that bread is always in demand, its consumption in Russia has been significantly reduced to 250 g per person per day. A few decades ago, this value was three times higher. The abundance of various food products, which indirectly compete with the production of bread, has an effect.

In addition, large cities and the capital are simply oversaturated with this production, they have dozens of factories and hundreds of bakeries. Together, this led to the fact that the profitability of this business dipped from 50% to 7-15%. This means that with a monthly cost of 400 thousand rubles, the owner will make a net profit of 40-70 thousand rubles.

The way out of this situation can be the search for solutions in which the sale of a large number of products will be established. Selling off wheels is just one such solution.

Experimenting with recipes, purchasing cost-effective equipment can all make a big difference in profitability, but these decisions need to be made as early as the project planning stage.

Order a business plan

	Investments: Investments 2 700 000 - 3 500 000 ₽ We are a team of professionals with over 10 years of experience in the food market. During this time, we have implemented more than 40 regional and federal projects in 15 different concepts. In 2017, we launched the Bakery No. 21 project and now we manage a network of bakery cafes, which we want to expand, because we believe that our product is a new level in the world…
	Investments: Investments 1 400 000 - 2 000 000 ₽ My name is Sergey Rogachev, I am the founder of Bulky House. I launched my first bakery on December 7, 2016. Now there are already 24 of them, of which 14 are franchised. This growth is due to our advantages and the features of the work that we will teach you. Description of the franchise We offer to open your own bakery and start earning from 250 thousand per month. The Bunky House franchise is a well-established model…
	Investments: Investments 200,000 - 500,000 rubles. Mini-bakery "Jan Khachapuryan" is one of the franchise projects of the company "Rus Investment". Our company has been producing equipment for bakeries (tandoors) since 1985 and is the owner of two brands: the Bread from the Tandoor chain of bakeries and the oriental cuisine Kibir Tandoor. While developing the Tandoor Bread franchise, it became obvious to us that the market lacks a mini-bakery that would…
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	Investments: Investments 350,000 - 400,000 rubles. The Dary Vostoka chain of bakeries was founded by the Telecom Invest group of companies in 2011. During this time, we opened a number of our own bakeries within walking distance, and developed standards for the operation of the enterprise. We know how to open a bakery from "0" and bring it to the level of profitability in a short time. This is a promising business that will allow you to make good profits in a short time. Description of the franchise...
	Investments: 3,000,000 - 6,000,000 rubles. Do you want a delicious business with the aroma of baking? Then open your own bakery. Of course, you can say that this is a rather troublesome business, because you have to not only look for premises, buy equipment, hire and train workers, but also find an excellent technologist who can realize all your wishes regarding products. Yes, it is difficult, but not with a franchise.…
	Investments: 1,000,000 - 2,000,000 rubles. In 2003, a medical laboratory called "Hemotest" began its existence. The services of this firm are provided to both individuals and corporate persons. All departments of "Gemotest" work on a full cycle, starting from the collection of materials and ending with the issuance of finished results. Here you can make any analysis absolutely, which only the attending physician will advise, since the laboratory has referrals for…
	Investments: 250,000 - 500,000 rubles. The Bread from Tandoor company has been producing tandoors since 1985. For the founder of the company, the production of tandoors is a family business, a family craft passed down from father to son. Over the years, we have produced more than 5000 tandoors. Our craftsmen master the unique ancient technology for the production of tandoors, the secrets of quality of which are passed down from generation to generation, from father to son…
	Investments: 2,400,000 - 10,500,000 rubles. The company "Baltic Khleb", the founder of the sale of freshly baked bread in St. Petersburg, has been operating on the market for more than 13 years, since February 1995, constantly offering its customers everything new and perfect, strictly adhering to the principles: freshness, exclusivity and high quality of products . We believe that it is possible to offer consumers exclusive products based on Western technologies, so only European products were purchased…
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• Product Description
• Room selection
• Recruitment
• Bakery marketing plan
• Business risks
• Financial plan
• • • • Similar business ideas:

Business plan for opening a bakery for the production of bread and bakery products with a production volume of 400 kg of finished products per shift.

How much money do you need to open a bakery

According to the preliminary plan, about 970,000 rubles will need to be invested to open a bakery in a rented premises:

• Cosmetic repairs of the premises - 150,000 rubles.
• Acquisition and delivery of a turnkey bakery - 350,000 rubles.
• Purchase of raw materials and materials - 70,000 rubles.
• Approvals and permits, obtaining declarations of conformity for products - 150,000 rubles.
• Business registration and other organizational expenses - 50,000 rubles.
• Reserve fund - 200,000 rubles.

Step by step plan to open a bakery

At the start of the bakery business, the plan provides for the following actions:

1. Conduct marketing research of the intracity market of bread and bakery products;
2. Find sources of project financing;
3. Search for a suitable premises for a bakery;
4. Work out preliminary sales channels for products;
5. Register business activity;
6. Conclude a lease agreement for the premises;
7. Make appropriate repairs;
8. Purchase the main and auxiliary equipment;
9. Hire staff;
10. Work out the recipe for bread and bakery products;
11. Launch an enterprise.

Product Description

Our bakery plans to produce the following types of products:

• Shaped bread (0.5 kg) - 150 pcs.
• Sliced ​​loaf (0.3 kg) - 180 pcs.
• Bagels (0.3 kg) - 100 pcs.
• Pies with filling (0.2 kg) - 1200 pcs.

The production volume will be 400 kg per shift (8 hours). The main part of the products will be baked during the night shift in order to ship hot bread to retail outlets by morning. The bakery will work seven days a week in shifts (2/2). The average selling price for bread and bakery products will be 44 rubles per kilogram. Thus, the daily turnover will be 17,600 rubles, and the monthly turnover will be 528,000 rubles. For all types of manufactured products, a declaration of conformity will be received, indicating that the product is prepared in accordance with all norms and rules, does not contain GMOs and other prohibited additives. Without this document, it will not be possible to sell products to stores.

Download bakery business plan

Room selection

For organizing a business, it is planned to rent a room with an area of ​​115 square meters. Lease payments will amount to 60 thousand rubles per month. The high rental price is due to the good condition of the premises. All conditions for the production of food products have been created here, and the layout and composition of the equipment comply with the requirements of the SES and fire safety. There is hot and cold water supply, ventilation and sewerage system, walls and ceiling are painted with non-toxic paint and partially tiled. The dimensions of the room allow it to be divided into a production workshop, a warehouse for finished products and a warehouse for raw materials (flour), a staff room, a toilet with a bath and a utility room.

What equipment to choose for a bakery

For baking bread and bakery products, the business plan provides for the purchase of a set of equipment with a capacity of 50 kg of finished products per hour. It is planned to spend about 350 thousand rubles for these purposes. The kit will include:

• Baking oven HPE-500 (40 thousand rubles)
• Proofer ShRE 2.1 (22 thousand rubles)
• Flour sifter PVG-600M (24 thousand rubles)
• Dough mixer MTM-65MNA 1.5 (63 thousand rubles)
• Ventilation umbrella ZVP 10*8 (9 thousand rubles)
• Single-section washing bath (3.5 thousand rubles)
• Confectionery table SP-311/2008 (17 thousand rubles)
• Wall table SPP 15/6 ots - 2 pcs. (9 thousand rubles)
• Scales CAS SW-1-20 (4 thousand rubles)
• Rack SK 1200/400 - 2 pcs. (17 thousand rubles)
• Trolley for HPE TS-R-16 - 2 pcs. (45 thousand rubles)
• Hearth sheet for HPE - 12 pcs. (7 thousand rubles)
• Bread form 3L10 - 72 pcs. (41 thousand rubles)

This equipment is placed on an area of ​​30 square meters. m. and is intended for baking wheat bread, rye-wheat hearth and tin bread, bakery products from yeast dough. This equipment will allow you to perform all the necessary operations for the preparation of raw materials and direct baking products:

• Sifting and loosening flour;
• dough kneading;
• Cutting and shaping dough pieces;
• Proofing of blanks in a proofing cabinet;
• Baking bread and bakery products in the oven.

Recruitment

As a bakery staff, it is planned to employ an experienced technologist, bakers (5 people), drivers (2 people), a handyman (1 person), a sales representative (2 people) and a cleaner. The accountant will be employed on a part-time basis (under an outsourcing agreement). The wage fund will amount to 135 thousand rubles per month.

Which taxation system to choose for a bakery

The organizational form of the enterprise will be an ordinary individual entrepreneurship registered with the local tax service. As a taxation system, it is planned to use the simplified taxation system (“simplified”). This is one of the most profitable taxation systems for a bakery. The tax will be 15% of the organization's profit.

Bakery marketing plan

Sales of products are planned to be carried out in trade enterprises and public catering points of our city. There are about 300 such organizations in the city. More precisely, wholesale buyers will be:

• Specialized trade kiosks and pavilions for the sale of bread, pastries and confectionery products;
• Intracity trading networks (grocery stores);
• Cafes and restaurants;
• Municipal institutions (hospitals, schools, kindergartens).

A sales representative will be hired to conclude contracts with potential buyers. In the future, with the development of production, it is planned to open its own retail outlets for the sale of freshly baked bread and bakery products.

Business risks

The risks of doing such a business are as follows:

• Increasing competition in the market
• Lack of government support for the industry
• Growth of requirements for production, complication of state price regulation (maximum trade margin)

Financial plan

Let's move on to the calculation of the main business performance indicators. Business monthly expenses

• Rent - 60,000 rubles.
• Salary - 135,000 rubles.
• Insurance contributions to the PFR and the FSS - 40,000 rubles.
• Raw materials and ingredients (20% of revenue) - 105,000 rubles.
• Utility payments - 20,000 rubles.
• Accounting (outsourcing) - 8,000 rubles.
• Advertising - 15,000 rubles.
• Fuel and lubricants - 25,000 rubles.

Total - 408,000 rubles.

How much can you earn by opening a bakery

According to the business plan, the net profit per month will be 102,000 rubles. The profitability of the bakery is 25%. Such indicators can be achieved only if 100% of the sale of all manufactured products. In practice, the situation may be different (returns, deferred payments, etc. are possible), so the final profit can be safely reduced by 25 - 30%. But even with this calculation, you can count on a return on investment already in the 13th - 15th month of the operation of the enterprise.

Recommended download bakery business plan for only (banner_bi-plan), from our partners, with a guarantee of quality. This is a complete, ready-made project that you will not find in the public domain. The content of the business plan: 1. Confidentiality 2. Summary 3. Stages of project implementation 4. Characteristics of the object 5. Marketing plan 6. Technical and economic data of the equipment 7. Financial plan 8. Risk assessment 9. Financial and economic justification of investments 10. Conclusions

What OKVED to indicate when registering a bakery

When registering a business for the manufacture and sale of bread and bakery products, the All-Russian Classifier of Economic Activities provides for codes 15.81, 15.82, 52.24, 55.30 - depending on the intended range of products and methods of implementation. In addition, you should select codes such as 52.24 - Retail sale of bakery products; 51.36.3 - Wholesale of bread and bakery products.

What documents are needed to open a bakery

First you need to register as an individual entrepreneur, select the form of taxation and provide Rospotrebnadzor with a certificate of commencement of activity with a certificate of registration. You can use an LLC as a legal form, but an individual entrepreneur will be cheaper and easier to register and list the necessary documents. In addition, it is necessary to conclude agreements on disinfection, disposal of industrial waste, develop a production control program, documents confirming the maintenance of ventilation systems, medical examination of personnel with the issuance of sanitary books.

Do I need permits to open a bakery?

The following permits are required for the production and sale of bakery products:

1. Permission from Rospotrebnadzor.
2. Sanitary and epidemiological conclusion for all products.
3. Approval of the declaration of conformity of products to the requirements of TR CU 021/2011.
4. Development of specifications or acquisition of the rights of technical conditions of other manufacturers.
5. Production control program.
6. Permission from the State Supervisor.

Technology of production of bakery products

The process of making bread and bakery products primarily depends on the choice of recipe. Depending on this, the necessary equipment is selected - an oven and a dough mixer. The production stage can be conditionally divided into three steps:

1. Test batch.
2. Product molding.
3. Baking process.

Depending on the capacity of your production, kneading can be either manual or automatic. After kneading, the dough must “ripen”, for this special containers are used. After the dough has matured, it is sent to the molding shop, where dough is selected from the entire mass by weight for each product and placed in baking molds. The last stage is the baking itself in ovens at a temperature of 240-280 degrees for 25 minutes, depending on the product.

* Calculations use average data for Russia

1. PROJECT SUMMARY

The goal of the project is to open a mini-bakery for the production and sale of bakery products in a city with a population of over 1 million people. The main source of income is profit from the sale of bakery products.

For the implementation of the project, a room is rented in a residential area of ​​the city, in close proximity to houses and a busy street. The total production area is 100 m2.

The products of the bakery are positioned as “healthy and wholesome food”, therefore, only high-quality ingredients and a unique recipe are used in the production of bread, which distinguishes the bakery from the market.

Target audience - people who prefer a healthy lifestyle and choose high-quality and healthy bakery products.

The main advantages of the bakery business:

Stable demand for products, practically independent of crisis phenomena;

Flexibility of production, allowing to adapt to the tastes of consumers and market trends;

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The volume of initial investments in opening a bakery is 885,000 rubles. Investment costs are aimed at repairing the premises, purchasing equipment, the initial purchase of raw materials and the formation of working capital, which will cover the losses of the initial periods. The main part of the required investments falls on the purchase of equipment - 66%. Own funds will be used to implement the project.

Financial calculations cover a three-year period of project operation. It is planned that after this period the institution will need to expand its production and product range. The net monthly profit of the bakery upon reaching the planned sales volumes will be 278,842 rubles. According to the calculations, the initial investment will pay off in the seventh month of operation. Return on sales in the first year of operation will be 27.8%.

Table 1. Key performance indicators of the project

2. DESCRIPTION OF THE INDUSTRY AND COMPANY

Bakery products are a product of daily demand. Bread is one of the top three in the list of the most popular products among Russians. According to the results of a social survey, 74% of respondents consume bread daily. From this it follows that this segment of the food market is quite stable.

Picture 1 . Frequency of bread consumption in Russia

On average, per capita there are 46-50 kg of bread per year. At the same time, the indicators differ in each region. The maximum volume of consumption is noted in the Southern Federal District - 50 kg per person. Figure 2 clearly shows the dynamics of bread consumption per capita. In general, in Russia, the consumption of bakery products is declining. Experts attribute this decline to the trend of healthy eating, which excludes bread from the daily diet of Russians. As a result, the output of bakery products in Russia over the past decade has decreased by 1.4 million tons: by the beginning of 2016, this figure fell to 6.6 million tons.

Figure 2. Supply of traditional types of bread per capita, kg per person per year

To date, manufacturers of bakery products are adjusting to the consumption trend and increasing the production of bread, which is positioned as a healthy product - functional additives, cereals, and vitamins are used in its manufacture. Most of these ingredients come from abroad, so we can say that the modern bakery industry is dependent on imports. There is also a growing trend in demand for products with a long shelf life and frozen bakery products.

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Economic crises also influence the development dynamics of the bread market. For example, in 2008, due to a decrease in the income level of the population, there was an increase in demand for bakery products and, accordingly, their production increased. After the stabilization of the economic situation, the demand for these products began to fall again.

The dynamics of demand for bread also depends on the economic crisis: a decrease in the income level of the population entails an increase in demand for bakery products. The stabilization of the economic situation reduces the consumption of bread.

According to the statistics of network trade, at the beginning of 2016, the turnover of bread exceeded 675 billion rubles, while there was a shift in consumption to the budget segment.

Table 2 shows the structure of the bakery market, which can be used to track how the distribution of production between different forms has changed. There is a trend towards a decrease in the share of industrial bakery and an increase in the share of artisan bakery.

Table 2. Segmentation of the bakery industry

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The segmentation of the bakery industry as of 2016 is as follows: 71% of the total market volume is produced by large bakeries, bakeries in supermarkets - 14%, small bakeries - 12%, others - 3%. At the same time, market participants predict a decrease in the share of large bakeries and the development of small-scale bakery business. Already today, economy-segment bakeries-cafes and chain boutiques are gaining popularity, where you can not only buy bakery products, but also have a good time. This format counts on 2-3% of the bread market share. By 2018, the share of small bakeries is expected to increase from 12% to 16%, and the share of large bakeries will further decrease.

All bread produced in Russia can be divided into two types: traditional and non-traditional. The share of traditional bread production is 90% of the total market. Traditional bread includes cheaper products. Non-traditional bread is products according to original recipes, national varieties of bread. The category of non-traditional bread is developing dynamically – in 2016 its growth was 7%, while traditional bread grew only by 1.3%.

Thus, we can single out the main trend in the bakery market: non-traditional bread, which is positioned as a "healthy product", is in demand. The modern market of bakery products makes high demands on the manufacturer. Today it is not enough to produce mass, traditional varieties of bread. To successfully operate in the market, it is necessary to form a wide range of products and take into account the tastes of consumers.

According to research by the Institute of Agricultural Marketing, at the end of 2015, prices for bakery products made from premium flour rose by 5% on average in Russia. The maximum price increase was noted in the Northwestern Federal District and in the Volga region - about 10%. The minimum growth was recorded in the Southern Federal District and the North Caucasus.

Experts predict that the greatest prospects for the consumption of bakery products are expected in the Southern Federal District - it is in this region that bread production is in demand.

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Figure 3. Rates of change in prices for bakery products made from premium flour in the Federal District in 2015, %

Benefits of starting a small bakery:

Always fresh bread, which ensures the demand for products;

Production flexibility to adapt to consumer tastes and market trends

Stable demand, practically independent of crisis phenomena;

Prospects for concluding supply contracts with shops and restaurants, since mini-bakeries are considered more profitable suppliers.

Thus, the constant demand for bakery products, the tendency to popularize mini-bakeries and the development prospects and advantages of the baking industry allow us to talk about the investment attractiveness of such a business.

3. DESCRIPTION OF GOODS AND SERVICES

This project involves the opening of a mini-bakery for the production and sale of bakery products. The products of the bakery are positioned as “healthy and wholesome food”, therefore, only high-quality ingredients and a unique recipe are used in the production of bread, which distinguishes the bakery from the market.

The product range for a small bakery is recommended to be formed from 5-8 commodity items. It is planned that the bakery will provide the following types of products:

Branded bread with cereals and seeds, designed for consumers who adhere to a healthy diet;

Traditional wheat and rye bread;

Italian ciabatta bread;

French buns and croissants.

The percentage of production of various types of bakery products is shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4 - The share of each type of product in total production

In the future, it is planned to expand the assortment of the bakery, based on the taste preferences of consumers and market trends.

4. SALES AND MARKETING

The target audience of the bakery is people who prefer a healthy lifestyle and choose high-quality and healthy bakery products. The target audience can be divided into two segments: 80% of consumers are residents of nearby houses, and 20% are casual passers-by and regular customers.

The competitive advantages of a bakery include:

Product quality: fresh pastries, high-quality and healthy ingredients, a unique recipe;

Product price: traditional bread is sold at a price below the market average. The loss from the price reduction is compensated by the higher price of branded bread;

The presence of a window into the workshop: by providing for such a layout of the institution, you can earn the trust of customers who will be able to observe the process of making bread;

Branded product presentation: each product is sold in a separate paper bag with a description of the product.

To promote the bakery, you can use various marketing tools: installation of billboards and signs; distribution of business cards, flyers or booklets with product descriptions; advertising in the media; radio advertising; participation in food exhibitions and fairs; shares and so on.

The use of one or another tool depends on the target audience of the institution and the budget of the project.

Tasting of products dedicated to the opening of the bakery. The promotion will last for two days and includes a free tasting of all types of bakery products, as well as the purchase of bakery products with a 25% discount. The cost will be 5000 rubles.

Every day in the morning, "hot hours" will be arranged, when customers can purchase yesterday's products at a discount;

According to consumer surveys, advertisements for bakery products have little effect on the decision to purchase this product. The most important criterion according to which the consumer makes a choice in favor of one or another manufacturer of bread is the freshness of the product. Therefore, the key advertising tool is the quality, taste and freshness of the products.

The sales plan is calculated based on the production capacity of the mini-bakery. It is assumed that the bakery will produce 550 kg of bakery products in 8 hours of operation. The average selling price will be 50 rubles per kilogram of products. The planned sales volume is calculated based on the productivity of the equipment and 90% of products sold: 550 * 0.9 * 50 = 24,750 rubles per day or 742,500 rubles per month.

5. PRODUCTION PLAN

Opening a bakery and organizing production involves the following steps:

1) The location of the bakery and the premises. Properly chosen premises for a bakery with its own bakery are important not only from a marketing point of view, but also in the context of regulatory requirements. The premises of the bakery must fully comply with the requirements of the SES, namely:

Have separate workshops: a warehouse for storing flour, eggs, sugar and other ingredients; production and storage area; if the sale of products is provided, then the trading floor;

The room must have hot and cold water, ventilation, sewerage, tiled walls, waterproof floors, air conditioning systems;

There should be additional bathrooms, a place for storing industrial waste, a room for staff.

Particular attention should be paid to the power of electricity, since food equipment consumes a lot of electricity.

To accommodate the necessary production facilities and take into account all the requirements, an area of ​​​​70 to 200 m2 will be required - it depends on the format of the bakery.

It will take a lot of money to equip the bakery. Therefore, it is worth paying attention to the fact that it is better to own a room than to rent it. In the case of leasing, there is a risk of terminating the contract and changing the place of production, which will entail additional costs. If your own funds do not allow you to purchase the premises, then you should consider the option of a long-term lease for a period of at least 3 years or a lease with the right to purchase later.

When choosing a location, you should also take into account the presence of competitors nearby. It is desirable that there are no direct competitors around.

The bakery should be located in a crowded place: markets, near shopping and entertainment complexes and office centers, on the main streets. Since a sufficiently large area is provided for the organization of production, the cost of such premises in the center will be quite expensive. In order to optimize the costs of the project being implemented, it is planned to rent a room in a residential area with an area of ​​100 m2 for a long-term period. For industrial premises allocated 90 m2.

Since, in addition to the production of bread, the project provides for its retail sale, the area for the trading floor is allotted in the bakery - 10 m2 is enough to accommodate a cash desk and a showcase.

The rented premises comply with all sanitary norms and rules specified in SanPiN 2.3.4.545-96 “Production of bread, bakery and confectionery products” and is intended for food production. The rental price is 50,000 rubles / month. It is planned to spend 100,000 rubles on the repair of the premises, including the arrangement of the trading floor.

2) Recruitment. The staff is determined based on the format of the bakery and production facilities. Since the project provides for the opening of a mini-bakery that produces 500 kg of bread in an 8-hour shift, the organization of the workflow will require:

2 baker-technologists (shift schedule);

Manager responsible for the purchase of raw materials and the organization of the work of all personnel;

2 cashiers for the trading floor (shift schedule);

Cleaning woman;

Accountant.

At the same time, it is necessary to conduct preliminary training of personnel, familiarize them with the recipe, safety precautions and the production process, as well as monitor compliance with all norms and sanitary requirements. Bakers must have the appropriate education and work experience, since the quality of products largely depends on their professionalism.

3) Equipment. An equally important component of the production process is high-quality equipment. When choosing equipment for a bakery, it is necessary to clearly understand what kind of competitive advantage is planned to be obtained - a wide range, quality, quick reconfiguration of equipment for the production of other types of bread, etc. Today the market offers various options for bakery equipment, the most famous brands are ABM, FoodTools, Sigma, Unox, Miwe, Vitella. It is recommended not to save on basic equipment.

The composition of the equipment necessary for a mini-bakery includes:

flour sifter - 25,000 rubles;

dough mixer - 100,000 rubles;

dough sheeter - 30,000 rubles;

proofer - 40,000 rubles;

table for working with dough - 30,000 rubles;

oven - 300,000 rubles;

carts for baking - 15,000 rubles;

refrigerator - 35,000 rubles;

dishes and kitchen utensils - 10,000 rubles.

As a result, a set of specialized equipment for a mini-bakery will cost approximately 585,000 rubles.

4) Organization of supply. Before opening a bakery, you should establish channels for supplying raw materials and decide on suppliers. It is necessary that all ingredients used meet the requirements of GOSTs.

When negotiating cooperation with suppliers, you must familiarize yourself with all the conditions specified in the contract. As a rule, the transport costs for the supply of ingredients are borne by your production. To reduce this cost item, you need to choose suppliers that are closer to your establishment.

The main raw material of the bakery is flour. It must be of the highest quality and properly stored. It is recommended not to make large stocks, as the flour may deteriorate. In addition to flour, you will need: yeast, eggs, fresh milk, sugar, salt and other raw materials.

Drawing up a technological map for the preparation of products will allow you to accurately calculate the required amount of raw materials. At the same time, it is important that the recipe for bakery products comply with GOSTs or separately adopted specifications.

6. ORGANIZATIONAL PLAN

The initial stage of opening a bakery is registering a business with government agencies and obtaining permits for food production. In order to produce and sell food products, an enterprise needs to obtain a permit from the SES for production, an SES conclusion for finished products and a certificate of conformity. Before starting production, you should also obtain the conclusion of the fire inspection and environmental supervision.

To conduct commercial activities, an individual entrepreneur is registered with a simplified taxation system (“income” at a rate of 6%). Types of activities according to OKVED-2:

10.71 - Manufacture of bread and flour confectionery, cakes and pastries of non-durable storage;

47.24 - Retail sale of bread and bakery products and confectionery in specialized stores.

The legal side of the activities of bakeries is consecrated in more detail.

The work schedule of the bakery is different for the production workshop and the trading floor. The work of the production workshop is from 6:00 to 16:00 with an hour break from 11:00 to 12:00. The trading floor is open from 8:00 to 20:00.

Bakers-technologists work in shifts: 2 days of work after 2 days of rest. Their duty is to control the production process, maintain cleanliness in the workshop during the production cycle, timely write-off of spoiled products, keeping a log of cleaning the hood, accounting for raw materials in stock.

For sellers-cashiers, a shift work schedule is also provided: a day of work and a day of rest, since their working day lasts 10 hours. Responsibilities of the seller: customer service and work at the cash desk, keeping records of cash and transactions, supported by the presence of checks, acceptance of finished products from the workshop, design of a trade showcase.

The manager is responsible for cooperation with contractors and the purchase of raw materials, organizes the entire workflow, controls the work schedule of the staff, forms the staff, and pays wages.

The accountant maintains financial statements and works through outsourcing.

The cleaning lady is responsible for the cleanliness of the production shop and the trading floor.

Table 3. Staffing and payroll mini bakeries

7. FINANCIAL PLAN

The financial plan takes into account all the income and expenses of the bakery, the planning horizon is 3 years. It is planned that after this period the institution will need to expand its production and product range.

To launch the project, it is necessary to calculate the amount of investment. To do this, you need to determine the cost of repairing the premises, purchasing equipment, the initial purchase of raw materials and the formation of working capital, which will cover the losses of the initial periods. The main part of the required investments falls on the purchase of equipment - 66%. Own funds will be used to implement the project.

Table 4. Investment costs

Variable costs consist of the costs of the ingredients used in the preparation of bakery products, as well as the payment for the capacities consumed in the production process (water, gas, electricity, sewerage). To simplify financial calculations, variable costs are calculated based on the sum of the average check and a fixed trade margin of 300%.

The bakery's fixed costs consist of rent, utility bills, payroll, advertising costs, taxes, and depreciation. The amount of depreciation is determined by the straight-line method, based on the useful life of fixed assets in 5 years. Fixed costs also include tax deductions, which are not presented in this table, since their amount is not fixed and depends on the amount of revenue.

Table 5. Fixed costs

Thus, fixed monthly expenses were determined in the amount of 221,450 rubles. The volume of planned revenue is 742,500 rubles per month.

8. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION

The payback period for a bakery with an initial investment of 885,000 rubles is 7-8 months. The net monthly profit of the project upon reaching the planned sales volumes will be 278,842 rubles. It is planned to reach the planned sales volume in the eighth month of operation. Return on sales for the first year of operation will be 28%.

The net present value is positive and equal to 24,993 rubles, which makes it possible to speak about the investment attractiveness of the project. The internal rate of return exceeds the discount rate and is equal to 18.35%.

9. POSSIBLE RISKS

To assess the risk component of the project, it is necessary to analyze external and internal factors. External factors include threats related to the economic situation in the country, markets. To internal - the effectiveness of the management of the organization.

The specifics of the baking industry determines the following external risks:

increase in prices for raw materials, unscrupulous suppliers. In the first case, there is a risk of increasing costs and, as a result, the selling price, which may negatively affect demand. In the second case, the risk is associated with interruptions in production. It is possible to reduce the likelihood of these threats with a competent choice of suppliers and the inclusion in the contract of all necessary conditions that provide for the liability of the supplier in case of their violation;

competitor reaction. Since the bread market is quite saturated and the competition is high, the behavior of competitors can have a strong influence. Price pressure from larger market participants is not ruled out, which will have a negative impact on sales. To minimize this risk, it is necessary to form your own client base, constantly monitor the market, develop new offers that are not presented on the market;