PRESENTATION on the topic: "Cities of the future: fantastic, but quite real projects" Authors: Ph.D. , assistant professor Maryushin Leonid Alexandrovich assistant Saveliev Ilya Leonidovich

How much have we heard about the "City of the Future", what will it be like? How will it function and be arranged? What way of life will be familiar to its inhabitants, and most importantly, what social component will be given priority or will the city lose it altogether in our understanding! Will biomass be used in the city to green its walls, will humanity switch to new inexhaustible sources of energy, or will it continue to consume hydrocarbons, polluting the environment, as it has for many centuries? How will the citizens live and will it be necessary to literally pay for air?

Half of the world's population at the beginning of the 21st century lives in cities and, according to experts, in the future, the percentage of urban residents will only grow. This means that in the future, cities will not only have to solve the current numerous urban problems (from transport collapse to ecology), but also create comfortable conditions for existence. To achieve such goals, cutting-edge technologies are needed. So there is no shortage of future city projects, and some of them are already being implemented.

Architects, sociologists and science fiction writers have always dreamed of futuristic cities built on water, land or space. Here are the most unimaginable projects of the cities of the future: Lilypad - a green villa in the sea This is a model of an island that floats on the surface of the water and is designed to accommodate people affected by climate change. The city will use renewable energy sources including solar, wind and biomass to generate electricity. In addition to zero emissions, the complex will be able to absorb carbon dioxide from the air thanks to green plants that will be planted throughout the complex. Each such Lilypad complex will be located near the coast or float in the ocean, traveling from the equator to the northern seas.

Gwanggyo Power Center - hilly mega structure This self-sufficient city was designed by Dutch architects MVRDV. It will be located 35 km from Seoul in South Korea. This town will be able to accommodate about 77,000 residents, where they will enjoy an ecological lifestyle. The design is a mixture of housing, office and retail buildings, leisure facilities and educational facilities. The towers will have atriums for various purposes, while rooftops and terraces will feature hedges that will improve ventilation and reduce water and energy consumption.

Hydro-Net is a self-reliant eco-community A new project developed by the Iwamoto team. Scott Architects, will become a real ecotopia. The city will consist of towers that collect algae, fog traps and geothermal energy mushrooms. The walls of the Hydro-Net tunnel will be made of carbon nanotubes, which will help store and distribute hydrogen produced by algae and other fuel sources. All of these technologies are designed to reduce carbon emissions and make the city self-sufficient using renewable energy. They will also provide a network of underground arteries for hovering hydrogen fueled vehicles.

Crystal Island - the city center This city will be enclosed in a building made in the form of a cone. The tent-like structure will rise to 450 m. This tent forms the building's second skin, which creates a thermal barrier to the interior space. This second skin regulates the temperature inside the building, insulating in the winter to reduce heat loss and opening in the summer to cool the interior. The building-city is based on the efficient use of energy, including the generation of renewable and low-carbon energy.

Sky. City 1000 is an ultra-tall Sky skyscraper. City 1000 consists of 14 concave "space plateaus" in the form of plates, which are stacked one on top of the other. The inner space of the plateau will consist of green spaces, and apartments will be located along the edges of the building. Through this project, it is planned to end the lack of green space in Japan and minimize congestion in the subway.

Babcock Ranch is a city powered by solar energy Solar panels will be installed on the roofs of all buildings in this city. These solar panels will generate renewable energy to power the entire city. The project also includes renewable water management and conservation systems, lamps that reduce light pollution, electric vehicle chargers and more.

Also, green plants that will be planted throughout the city will help provide it with fresh oxygen and reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the air.

Sub-Biosphere 2 - floating "bubbles of life" Sub-Bio. Sphere 2 is a self-contained enclosed underwater habitat designed for human, animal and plant habitation. He will be able to swim or dive under water, supporting life in his biomes. Sub-Biosphere 2 is equipped with everything necessary to maintain all life support systems, including air, water, food, electricity and so on.

Air, water, food, electricity and other needs will be provided through the control of atmospheric pressure. Each such city consists of eight submerged biomes around a large central biome. Each such biome can independently float on the surface of the water or dive into the depths so that its inhabitants and guests can enjoy the magnificent underwater beauties.

The main idea of ​​the city of the future is to create an urban system that creates the most comfortable environmental conditions for a person. The city will have to have permanent residents and about the same number of people coming to work every day. The city's energy source will be solar panels, which are located both on the roofs and walls of buildings for personal energy supply, and make up huge "mirror fields" designed to power the city's infrastructure.

Cars with carbon dioxide emissions in the city will be strictly prohibited - instead of them, a rail transport system is being created, the nodal connections of which are placed on the perimeter of the city, along which special cars on electric motors will move. This will include private cars, but the main traffic load will fall on self-driving taxis with a capacity of up to six people.

City transport of the future Zero Helicopter GM EN-V single-seat electric vehicle of the future Hydrogen fuel cell powered urban compact car Walamai Outback - vehicle powered by renewable energy and electric motor

Burning waste and burying it in landfills causes irreparable harm to the environment. Therefore, a system for on-site disposal of all waste products of the city is provided. The cities of the future will use the method of processing waste into fuel and useful materials for the needs of the urban economy using thermal recycling.

Also, the whole city will be covered with an openwork canopy, which will create areas of shade, reduce the temperature in the summer, and thereby reduce energy costs for the ventilation system.

And now let's look at the projects of the cities of the future without "rose-colored glasses". All of them are poorly developed in connection with this, many issues that are relevant for the megacities of the future have not been resolved in them. "Green City" In fact, this is the landscaping of buildings, buildings and walls. But there is one “stumbling block” here - any plant destroys concrete, and nothing can stop it, since the pressure created in the growth by water of several tens of atmospheres easily destroys a layer of concrete meters, in just 5-6 years. It will be the same with heavy-duty materials. Nature easily takes its toll.

"The house where Jack lives" This project involves the construction of a city-house, where there will be all the usual infrastructure from kindergartens to schools and hospitals, universities, and our own television. However, everything is not so “smooth” here either, over time, their own ethnic groups are formed in these huge skyscrapers, with their own customs, mores, and foundations. Over the years, this division will only increase, and as a result, in a hundred years, when about 3 generations have passed, the nation that used to live in the same city will not be recognized. And in 500 years, by historical standards, an insignificant figure, it is unlikely that the descendants of the inhabitants of one city will be able not only to talk to each other, but to understand their neighbor.

"City on the water" It is assumed that as a result of the melting of the polar snows, the water level in the ocean will rise and most of the land will be under water, for this case there are intensified development of "ark cities". First, we need desalination plants to bring water to a state where it can be consumed or at least washed. This will require a lot of energy. Secondly, such a city is very limited in area, and due to the fact that it also floats, it is impossible to create skyscrapers on it, since they weigh a lot (even from light materials), and the city will simply “draw” water even in calm, and when the sea is rough, the Titanic will simply go to the bottom.

In addition, there are other problems of such projects. For example, the number of inhabitants must remain unchanged, otherwise, with an increase in the number of city residents, an increase in vehicles will be required, an increase in the housing stock necessary for people's lives, the congestion of urban transport will increase, the city will again begin to “suffocate”. The authorities of such cities will have to introduce laws on the size of the family. An age limit for marriages is also introduced, and women who become pregnant out of wedlock are sent for an abortion.

Summing up, it can be noted that the uniqueness of the projects of the cities of the future lies in the implementation of advanced technologies and scientific developments in real life. However, futurologists say that in the future, the current urban problems of mankind will worsen and more radical projects than those presented in this presentation will be needed to solve them.

Presentation questions: 1. What energy sources will be used in the cities of the future? 2. How can the problem with the need for fresh water be solved in the cities of the future? 3. What ways can be proposed in the projects of cities of the future to solve transport problems? 4. How will the problem of processing garbage and industrial waste be solved in such cities? 5. How will the issue of employment of the population be solved in the absence of large-scale production? 6. What ways can be proposed to solve the problem of nutrition of the urban population? 7. How can we solve the problem of overcrowding in the cities of the future? 8. How can the cities of the future influence the ecology of the planet? 9. Will the problem of social inequality be solved in the cities of the future? 10. Will the isolation of the cities of the future lead to the disappearance of global state systems? 11. How will the cities of the future deal with crime? 12. What other problems can be identified in the projects of the cities of the future?

We are future voters!

You are the creator of your destiny

You build it yourself since childhood,

The choice is yours, already consider

There is a solution!

Test:

1. A person's idea of ​​his value, assessment of his own qualities, advantages and disadvantages is called:

A) self-education;

B) self-consciousness;

B) self-esteem.

Test key:

Lesson plan:

2. Who do we choose.

3. Why choose.

• 1. What are political elections. 2. Who do we choose. 3. Why choose.

1. Choice

Choice - the availability of various options for the exercise of will.

2. The right to choose

• The right to choose– the ability to act at one’s own discretion, to determine for oneself how to act in a given situation.
• The state grants every citizen the right to choose candidates for government bodies, the right to choose political parties and their programs for the development of the country.

Roman Republic of the 5th-1st century BC

• In world history, the institution of elections has been known since the time of the Roman Republic.

Meeting of the Zemsky Sobor in 1613

Miniature from the manuscript "Election to the kingdom

M.F. Romanov" 1673

Active and passive suffrage

The right to elect government is called active suffrage .

The right to nominate oneself for election to government bodies is called passive suffrage.

The right to elect authorities (active suffrage) is vested in:

• a citizen of Russian Federation,
• over 18 years of age on polling day

Electoral bodies of power:

President of the Russian Federation (elected for a term of 6 years);

State Duma of the Russian Federation (elected for a period of 5 years).

Exercise:

Find in the Constitution who can be President of the Russian Federation And Deputy of the State Duma ?

Meaning of the Elections:

1. Way of expressing the opinion of the population;

2. Method of direct participation of the population in government;

3. Method of formation of authorities, taking into account the opinion of the majority;

4. Opportunity for every citizen to nominate his candidacy for governing bodies

5. Development by political parties and candidates of election programs that contain various proposals for improving a particular area. The best of these proposals are put into practice even if the party does not win the election.

Participation in elections

Participation in elections is a manifestation of social responsibility, conscience and political maturity of every adult, every citizen.

Young voters determine the future of the country

“Only the people who are constantly aware of what is happening have the right to choose their own government”

( T. Jefferson ).

Modern youth is initiative, activity and creativity. Be yourself, actively participate in elections, determine your own future, do not let others make the choice for you.

Homework:

Reasoning on the topic "Why is it necessary to participate in elections?"

slide 2

To begin with, I will tell you what I hope to see in the future.