Alexander Kaptsov

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Owners of private houses with garden plots or summer cottages quite often breed poultry for their own needs, although there is every reason to turn this occupation into an entrepreneurial activity. Which bird to choose for business? A decent income is brought by turkeys. They are grown exclusively for meat. The egg production of these birds is low, no more than 150 eggs per year. What is interesting about such a business idea financially? What are the nuances of growing turkeys and adults? Let's try to figure it out.

How to open a turkey breeding business officially in the city - a documented minimum

Breeding turkeys at home does not require a large number of documents. If a person is the owner of a land plot, then he has the right to build buildings for keeping birds on his land. The main thing is not to violate urban planning, environmental and sanitary standards. In addition, you need to obtain the status of an individual entrepreneur and choose a form of taxation.

The sale of goods belonging to the category of food products without the relevant documents is unacceptable.

To sell turkey meat legally, you will need special documentation:

• Certificate of conformity to a certain GOST.
• Certificate issued by the veterinary service (Form No. 2).
• Declaration of conformity of the product to all prescribed standards.
• If the bird is raised on a special farm, then there must be documents confirming its registration.

Next, you need to draw up contracts with those stores or catering points that will be buyers of turkey meat or have documents for their own outlets if the entrepreneur will sell the products himself.

What else you need to know about breeding turkeys / turkeys

In breeding turkeys, the most difficult stage is to raise chicks. In fact, the turkey is an unpretentious bird that does not require any specific conditions for keeping and feeding. In addition to meat, you can get fluff, feathers and droppings from a turkey, which is an excellent fertilizer.

• Where to keep turkeys / turkeys

The room for turkeys must be warm - the permissible temperature minimum is + 1ºС. Of course, turkeys will not die at a lower temperature, their productivity will simply decrease. It is important to prevent through wind in the house, but it is still necessary to take care of good ventilation. As a birdhouse, an ordinary barn is suitable, in which it is light and spacious.

This bird loves to walk in any weather. Therefore, when building a poultry house, you need to provide space for walking. Turkeys tend to be obese, so they need space to move around and not gain weight. How much area is required for one bird? Approximately 1.5-2 m². It is easy to calculate the total area of ​​walking.

• What equipment is required

The equipment is fairly simple and affordable. The list consists of the following required inventory:

1. Special cells for little turkeys.
2. Incubator. It is not advisable to buy young animals, and hens can destroy eggs.
3. Brooder. This is a special type of device designed for rearing chicks.
4. Availability required feeders and drinkers.
5. fixtures for cleaning and containers for water storage.
6. Technical devices for additional ventilation and heating. Russian winters are famous for frosts.

Don't overlook lighting. In winter, daylight hours are very short, so it must be artificially extended. The bird does not need too bright light. For lighting, low-wattage lamps or daylight lamps are quite suitable.

• What to feed turkeys / turkeys

Usually the owners fatten the chicks using the old methods: start with grated eggs, then add herbs and rice, then give the turkeys a mixture of various grains. There is a large selection of combined feeds on the market today.. These are ready-made mixtures designed for a variety of breeds of turkeys and for different ages.

The manufacturer accompanies the product with detailed instructions: for what age the food is intended, how much it should be given to a turkey, how much a turkey needs, what will be the weight of the bird by the end of fattening and what will be the total feed consumption per bird. Very useful for business planning.

Where to buy turkeys / turkeys for breeding at home and on an industrial scale

On the territory of our country there are many poultry farms engaged in breeding and selling turkeys / turkeys. It is enough to open the Internet to understand where the nearest turkey farm is located. You can go the other way - visit the bird market (there is one in every city) and buy both chickens and adults there.

On specialized farms and markets, in addition to a selection of various breeds of turkeys, the necessary equipment for a turkey house and feed are on sale. Another most common option is to buy from neighbors or acquaintances whose business is related to turkeys.

Features of turkey / turkey breeding technology - selection and preparation of premises

It doesn’t matter if the turkey hatched eggs or this role was entrusted to the incubator - turkeys have a hatchability of 90%. According to this indicator, they are superior to chickens. As noted above, turkey poults require special attention.

Under what conditions are turkey poults grown up to a month

On the first day of life, chicks need round-the-clock light. Then it is reduced by half an hour. This is a gradual process. By the twentieth day, the chicks have enough 15-hour daylight hours. Drafts and, as a result, colds for turkeys are detrimental. They also need special temperature conditions:

• 1-4 days - +35-37 ºС,
• 5-10 days - 30-35 ºС,
• 11-15 days - 28-29 ºС,
• Day 16-20 - 25-27 ºС,
• 21-30 - 22-24 ºС.

For three days, hatched chicks should drink only boiled water with the addition of green tea (a spoonful of tea per liter of water). As food, they need a special (albeit expensive) compound feed enriched with vitamins. Chickens up to a month are provided with six meals a day. Starting from the second month, they can be transferred to a five-time meal. Chicks are fed mixtures of corn, barley and bran with the addition of cottage cheese, carrots, fish giblets and yeast.

Outdoor walks begin on the 10th day of life, but only in warm and sunny weather and for 10-15 minutes. At one and a half months, chickens can be roosted.

The room for turkey poults should be distinguished by solidity - brick walls smeared with clay. If this is a lightweight design, then it is necessarily equipped with heating equipment. Too high a temperature is also not good for the chicks. This must be taken into account in those regions where the summer is hot.

How to equip a poultry house

The stocking density for adults is 4 heads per "square". How to equip a turkey house:

1. Perches. They are located at a low height from the floor - up to 70 cm. The cross section of the plank for the perch is not more than nine centimeters. The length is calculated based on the number of livestock. One bird needs 0.5 meters.
2. nests. They are needed for laying hens. They are placed in the dark corners of the room. No more than five eggs can fit in one nest.
3. Bathing containers. Ashes and sand are poured into them.
4. Litter. The floor is covered with a thick layer of sawdust, straw or old hay.
5. Feeders and drinkers.

To this can be added devices for heating and ventilation, as well as electric lighting.

What climatic conditions should be maintained in the poultry house

Air temperature within 20-22ºС . In winter, additional heating is required. The volume of ventilation on average should be within 0.7-1 m3 per hour (for the cold season) and 5 m3 per hour (for the warm season). Light day at least fourteen hours.

How often should adult turkeys be fed? For the cold season, three times is enough, in warm weather - up to five times. Be sure to check the presence of water in the drinkers.

Varieties of turkeys / turkeys and their purchase - which species are easier and more profitable to breed

What determines the success of the turkey business?

From many parameters, and the main one is the right choice of breed. There are two main varieties of turkeys: lightweight and heavy. What is the difference is clear from the title.

1. The first is distinguished by the light weight of the bird. Males gain no more than 13 kg. At first glance, this is a clear minus, little meat - little profit. No need to rush to conclusions. Lightweight turkeys have important advantages - high survival and undemanding care. In addition, they can be kept in cages.
2. Turkeys belonging to heavy breeds are considered the most profitable. A popular heavyweight variant is the White Broad-breasted turkey. Weight of males - up to 30 kg, females - up to 15 kg. Egg production per year - 120 eggs. Such a bird definitely needs a paddock or an aviary. They can be dealt with after the first experience in breeding turkeys is obtained.

In the absence of experience in poultry farming, it is best to start with the least picky breeds - light weight. For example, from breeding Uzbekistan field turkeys. They are leading in terms of such an indicator as survival. Weight of males - up to 12 kg, females - up to 6 kg. Egg production per year - 60 eggs. They feel good in polycarbonate greenhouses, where there is no heating, even in cold weather. There are also disadvantages - a low percentage of hatching, only 68%.

The optimal age of males for mating is not earlier than eight months, females - not earlier than 7 months. If you mate earlier, frail chicks are obtained. Of course, much depends on the health of potential parents. Therefore, you should choose a strong and healthy bird. When buying and further keeping this bird, it is important to take into account the ratio of turkeys and turkeys - one turkey for 5-8 turkeys.

Profitability of a business for breeding and selling turkeys / turkeys: costs, start-up capital, maintenance, etc.

What are the costs at the start?

It is necessary to purchase feed, build and equip a poultry house with an area of ​​​​about 20 "squares" with a room for chickens and erect a fence for walking. Then you need to purchase no more than 50 chickens (30 for fattening and selling meat, 10 for breeding livestock, 10 for possible losses). Business at first will be directed only to the sale of meat. Then you can start selling eggs and chickens.

The initial investment will be:

• spending for building a building and fencing a walking area, including electrical equipment - up to 80,000 rubles.
• Expenses for building a poultry house- up to 20,000 rubles.
• Acquisition of a bird at a price of up to 300 rubles per piece - 15,000 rubles (50 day old chicks).
• For feed- not less than 48,000 rubles.

The amount of starting capital is 163,000 rubles.

How much money will you have to spend per year:

• To buy food- 8,000 rubles monthly, which means for a year - 96,000 rubles. Purchased compound feed is an expensive feeding option.
• For electricity- up to 20,000 rubles.

The amount of annual expenses will not exceed the amount of 116,000 rubles. The cost for the first year is 279,000 rubles.

Consider the payback of business activities:

• The price per kilogram of turkey meat is an average of 250 rubles.
• In six to seven months, the turkey grows up to 12 kg (we take the minimum figure).
• The sale of one carcass will bring an income of 3,000 rubles, 30 carcasses - 90,000 rubles.
• In six months, the next batch of birds for sale will grow up, therefore, we multiply the income by two.
• Net profit - 52,000 rubles per year.

If you leave production volumes at the same level, then the business will pay off in three years. Of course, this is an approximate calculation, taking into account the maximum investment. Such activities allow room for savings. For example, you can not buy expensive compound feed and feed a bird in the old fashioned way. To heat the poultry house, it is worth building a stove; for ventilation, use a wind generator, feeders and drinkers to do it yourself. Then part of the costs will be reduced to zero, and the business will pay off in a year.

How and where to sell turkeys / turkeys profitably: potential customers and important marketing nuances

Entrepreneurs involved in raising turkeys at home are foolish to count on concluding contracts for the supply of meat with large stores. Firstly, not the volume of production, and secondly, this segment of the market has long been occupied by large farms. A different approach is needed here.

The ideal direction is to sell the product through small stores that offer the population exclusively natural food products.

You can look at the city markets, rent a point and engage in self-sales or resort to the help of hired sellers.

Many businessmen develop a base of regular customers. Then everything is greatly simplified - individual orders are collected, a veterinary permit is obtained, and the products are handed over to customers.

Ducks are really appropriate now, and turkeys are especially promising. Today we will consider breeding turkeys as a business: is it profitable or not, reviews of experienced entrepreneurs in this area, financial calculations of the profitability of the project and various tips on running a turkey farm.

What is this business?

At the moment, turkey breeding as a business can be perceived as an extremely promising business idea. This direction differs from others in that it does not yet have high competition in the market in Russia, although it is quite popular in other countries, especially in the USA.

Remarkably, this business can be much more profitable than raising chickens, due to the rapid growth of the turkey and its rapid gaining a lot of weight. Therefore, it is really important to arouse demand among the people for these products, and this is not difficult to do.

Turkey meat can be served as an excellent substitute for chicken also because it is a dietary product, while it contains many useful elements such as protein and iron. In addition, like any meat, turkey is relevant at absolutely any time of the year, week, day.

Of course, this business project will require some investments at the start, but a competent strategy will allow you to earn really big money, besides, our costs are much lower than in America.

What format should you choose?

A novice entrepreneur should first decide on the format of his project. The turkey business has several poultry breeding options. What they depend on and what they imply, it is worth considering in detail:

1. Extensive - ideal for breeding in the southern regions of the country. It is a territory with a poultry house and a pasture, with a separate zone from rain and sun. With this option, the bird is on the street two months before the actual slaughter for meat, eating exclusively grass and insects, which allows you not to spend money on feed. Livestock in this case develops immunity to diseases. Minus - this method is seasonal (in the warm season).
2. Cellular - in this case, the cultivation of turkeys takes place specifically in cells, and lined up in several tiers. In such conditions, only light and medium crosses can be kept. The cell method is perfect for raising females for slaughter, and breeding young animals for sale in this way is quite simple. Many farmers also try to combine this option with artificial insemination, which allows them to get much more eggs. It is worth noting that it is not worth keeping individuals in cages for a long time, this will ruin the entire livestock. This method is needed for quick slaughter or sale.
3. Outdoor - as opposed to extensive, this method is most often used in cold regions as the most profitable. In this case, heavy cross-country turkeys are kept, although other breeds can also be bred in this way. The floor method assumes the presence of a fairly spacious room insulated with sawdust with communications and heating. Usually, farmers do not dare to keep young animals on the floor so that they are not trampled by adults. In addition, all birds will need to be divided into breed, age and family sections.

Great advice for beginners from experienced farmers, it is worth using each of the above methods in breeding, however, skillfully. This will help you promote your business in the most efficient way.

What breed to choose?

When writing a business plan, decide what is more important to you. Breeding turkeys requires the purchase of three types of crosses: light, medium and heavy. Heavy turkeys eat more and take more energy in terms of care, but you can take much more meat from them.

Beginners are advised to deal with light and medium breeds rather because of their ease of care, and besides, they are less prone to diseases. A novice entrepreneur should stop at turkeys of the following breeds:

• bronze or white broad-breasted;
• North Caucasian;
• station wagon;
• big-6.

Many of them have an increased level of egg laying (80-120 eggs), as well as a large body weight. Pay attention to the recommendations of the seller: which breed is suitable for cellular content, and which one for outdoor.

How to buy livestock?

In order to breed turkeys, you should first learn how to choose them correctly. As in other poultry areas, here the farmer buys eggs, young or already adult laying hens, and the older the individual, the more it costs. For beginners, it is best to start by buying a monthly young.

Such a turkey is already hardy enough and healthy enough to change habitat, and can also already eat standard feed. Eggs are not profitable, as they require additional purchase of incubators, and they also spend a really long time on hatching and money for special food.

With eggs, it is more difficult to decide which of them will be able to give birth and bring a healthy individual, while young animals allow us to evaluate at least the external characteristics of turkey poults. By the way, it is worth buying young animals for business in early February so that they can grow up by the time natural food appears on the street.

Be sure to read reviews about the supplier before buying, as well as find out more information about the parents and vaccinations of the purchased livestock.

How are care and feeding carried out?

To properly organize your business on turkeys, you will have to learn how to care for them. Some write that caring for this bird is quite laborious, but learning how to do it is actually not so difficult.

First of all, it is worth dealing with feed. If you are able to additionally plant oats, wheat and various legumes at home, then the cost of purchasing feed will be significantly reduced. You will need to buy additionally only chalk and vitamins.

It is extremely important to follow a certain diet of the bird, including all the necessary products in the diet. This will have a positive effect on breeding: turkeys will produce more healthy eggs, individuals will gain the desired weight faster, and the meat will become much tastier.

Do not forget that good nutrition strengthens immunity and resistance to diseases. To do this, it is worth giving more vitamin E to young animals and birds preparing for slaughter. It is also worth remembering the following rules for keeping birds:

1. Protect livestock from moisture and drafts.
2. Try to change the bedding on the floor regularly.
3. Monitor the filling and serviceability of feeders and drinkers.
4. Do not allow droppings to fall into the drinkers and feeders.
5. Try to completely eliminate low-quality feed from the bird's diet.
6. Separate sections of young and adults.
7. Make fences to prevent bird contact with wild animals.
8. If possible, eliminate all stress for the bird.

The importance of a clear planning of farm management cannot be ruled out here, if you change places in the pasture area in time for walking, forage and unoccupied areas, then you can reduce the cost of feeding and increase the yield of products.

What personnel will be required for the project?

When writing a breeding business plan, do not forget about having your own staff. Naturally, you will not need so many people, but you cannot do without additional hands and specialists. Specifically, a turkey farm requires the following list of employees:

• two employees caring for the livestock;
• driver transporting carcasses or young animals;
• avian veterinarian;
• marketer, he is also a customer search manager.

Of course, even for the vacancies of workers who follow the bird, it is better to take already experienced people who do not have to be taught the basics. In medical terms, the project does need a qualified specialist who is able to give official papers on the health of the bird. It is worth concluding an agreement with the clinic and calling a specialist once to pay him for each examination and vaccination separately.

Here you can download for free to use it as an example for your own.

What is the profitability of the project?

Considering turkey breeding as a business, it remains only to calculate whether it is profitable or not. To do this, take as an example a turkey farm for 100 heads, built from scratch by a beginner:

A fairly small amount of start-up capital is covered by the fact that farmers do not receive profits monthly. The cost of a grown young turkey for sale is approximately 300-500 rubles, one egg on the market can be sold for 40 rubles.

If you sell meat, then a kilogram of turkey meat has a fairly large spread from 200 to 400 rubles, depending on the characteristics of the turkey. Thus, the income for the year is approximately 400 thousand rubles, which makes a net profit of 100 thousand rubles.

Video: turkey breeding as a business in the village.

If you want to create your own mini-farm from scratch and make a good profit in the future, then growing turkeys is the best option for a stable income. Why?

1. Profitability. Farm birds grow faster than other animals. In particular, turkeys live without unnecessary stress, not particularly wasting energy like chickens.
2. Saving. Buying 3 kg of feed food for one turkey, you can extract 1 kg in return, while for 1 kg of pork you need to purchase 7 kg of feed.
3. There are no additional difficulties. They eat almost all types of food, especially green species.
4. Multifunctionality. Turkeys give a large amount of meat, fluff, feathers, manure for fertilizer.
5. You can grow poultry both in rural areas and in the private sector.

Bronze Broad-breasted Turkey

Therefore, poultry farming is one of the most profitable business categories today. Turkey meat is very popular among meat lovers because it looks like chicken. This meat is dietary, has high taste qualities and useful properties. Read more about breeding turkeys at home below.

How to start growing turkeys at home from scratch?

Before planning the construction of a poultry farm, the farmer must select a variety of turkeys. You need to know the environmental factors that will affect the viability and productivity of your poultry:

• light duration and saturation;
• air temperature and structure;
• type of food;
• area for housing;
• susceptibility to disease;
• kind of bird.

What breed should be chosen?

The rate of production growth and profitability of the entire poultry complex depends on the correctly purchased variety of poultry. Some species gain mass in a short time, and some grow less intensively. The best option is to choose elite bird species, for example, Big 6, because it increases the fastest in the weight category (males for 130 days about 19 kg, females - 11 kg.).

Another successful variety for fishing - bronze broad-chested bird. These are massive birds (females grow up to seven to nine kg, and males ten to fifteen kg).

• Minus: the turkey is not adapted to pasture nutrition, as it was bred specifically for cages and poultry houses.
• Plus: fertility up to one hundred and twenty eggs per year, and fertility - 80%, turkey chicks - up to 75%.

Slaughter is carried out on the twentieth or twenty-third week, when males reach 13-15 kg, and females 7-8 kg.

North Caucasian bronze turkey has a well-developed adaptation to green nutrition. Males can add up to fourteen kg in weight, and females - seven kg. Oviposition - from nine months to six months (1 period - 80 eggs).

White broad-breasted turkey

White broad-breasted turkey has excellent meat performance, rapid adaptation to a variety of climatic factors. Egg production from nine months to a year (1 period up to 120 eggs). White broad-breasted turkey is divided into: heavy, medium and light. Males grow up to 25 kg, and females - up to 10 kg.

Cross BIG-6(heavy breed) has quality meat characteristics and has a short time period for growth. It is bought for meat (males weigh 25 kg, and females - 11 kg).

• Plus: the net weight of an adult is 80-85%.
• Minus: for breeding this species, it is necessary to artificially inseminate poultry.

On poultry farms, a special schedule is made for the withdrawal of turkeys, and farmers calculate the days to buy chicks. Since the transportation of chicks, eggs, feed and similar goods is carried out systematically, it will be more profitable for such purposes to buy your own transport. It is not cheap, but this business will soon give its results, which will please you.

Where to buy turkeys?

You can buy poultry at a special farm. Try to choose turkeys that are not related, because the offspring may be born weaker than when mating individuals that are not related. Before you start turkeys, you need to carefully familiarize yourself with the rules for choosing the young generation of rural birds.

Features of growing turkeys at home for meat

You can grow turkeys in a variety of ways: extensive, semi-intensive, cellular, outdoor. Also alternate these options, depending on the weather, age criterion, goals, variety. It is possible to breed turkeys at home both in a natural and broiler way (eggs are placed in an incubator for a specific period of time at a specific temperature). If the purpose of your business is to get meat, then the broiler method is right for you, as turkeys quickly increase in size in a short period of time. The younger generation, which was bred in an incubator, is more prone to diseases than the one that was grown naturally, so they need to be taken care of more carefully.

Breeding difficulties appear when turkey poults are 1 month old. An important advantage of the bird is a large percentage of hatchability (90%). Turkey poults are well bred in incubators. If they grow in the natural environment, then it should be borne in mind that the turkey is a very caring mother and this can be used to grow any kind of bird.

Only chicks that have been born should be given boiled water along with green tea and sugar (1 tbsp / 1 liter of water), since the antiseptic properties of green tea help strengthen the immunity of offspring. So they need to be fed for the first three days, and on the fourth you can give ordinary water.

Immediately after birth, young offspring need constant light, which must be reduced step by step for thirty minutes. On the 20th day, fifteen hours of light are needed. Turkey poults can easily catch a cold, so it is important to maintain the recommended temperature.

Due to the rapid weight gain over the next three weeks, it is recommended to feed the birds during the first month with PK-5 compound feed with vitamin supplements, amino acids and minerals. At the start of the second, the offspring are fed an inexpensive mixture of food (crushed corn, barley and bran) with the necessary additions of cottage cheese, grated carrots or fish giblets. The best vitamin for turkeys is B vitamins, so according to the recommendations of experts, add dry yeast to your food.

Conditions of detention

You should not keep turkeys in the same place with other birds (chickens, geese, ducks). As a last resort, make a small wire fence to avoid the "hustle" between the turkeys. In this limited area, various pits and grooves are not desirable.

You can raise turkeys in:

1. Special building. In order to properly equip the building, it is necessary to adhere to the temperature regime, the permissible air temperature (no more than + 20 ° C). It is also worth observing the correct location and number of birds in one cage.
2. Open air, fenced area. This option is relevant if you live in a warm area. These birds are not afraid of the cold, but only if the air temperature is not too low.

When growing poultry in an open area, you need to equip it. To do this, block off the required area with a net, and put drinking bowls and feeders for turkeys inside:

• Mesh Diameter: 3.00-4.60 m for 240-450 individuals.
• Material: wire, height 40-50 cm.
• Heaters: 3.0-5.6 kW (consider the fence and the number of individuals).
• Burner height- 70-90 cm.
• Temperature regime: 36-38 С°, decreasing to 27 С°.
• Drinker. It is recommended to put round with automatic or vacuum.
• feeder. For 40-60 turkeys - one feeder.
• Light. Keep the right amount of light for a strong and healthy generation. To do this, use an incandescent lamp, with automatic or manual mode.

Turkey diet

Pay special attention to the nutrition of the bird, because it affects the rate of weight gain and readiness for slaughter for meat. The nutrition of elite turkeys includes many vitamin, protein and carbohydrate, fat components that are contained in vitamin mixtures sold at special points or at a veterinary pharmacy. Replenish the amount of food in the offspring as it decreases and do not store it in the feeder for more than 3 days. An adult male should be given 2.9 kg of food per 1 kg. turkey weight, female - 2.6 kg. Do not forget that turkeys practically do not see into the distance and it is worth making sure that other birds do not eat turkeys. When growing turkeys for slaughter, females living 105 days (10 kg) are recommended.

Drinkers need to be given special attention: they need to be rinsed a couple of times a day, and overheating of the water should also be avoided. It must be replenished constantly and ensure that it is cool and clean. After a week and a half, it is recommended to start releasing the bird for a walk on its own.

Is it worth it, possible profit

When breeding turkeys, you can earn money by selling: meat, eggs and chicks. The cost of selling turkey meat is from 150 to 350 rubles per kilogram. If we take an average mass of 15 kg, we get that the meat of one bird can be sold for about 3,750 rubles.

Turkey eggs may be of interest to entrepreneurs who breed in incubators. The cost of one egg is 35 rubles.

The sale of one chick can bring from 250 to 500 rubles. The exact number depends on the breed. The sale of chicks is carried out when they reach the age of three weeks.

And yet, the main incentive to grow turkeys is poultry meat. Compared to chicken offspring, they breed a small number of chicks - 80-100 per year. Growing turkeys requires a lot of effort at the start, but in the future, due to the advantages of breeding this bird, the business becomes profitable. And if you have not yet determined for yourself: “Turkey breeding as a business is profitable or not”, then the answer is obvious - “Yes”.

Breeding turkeys is becoming more and more popular year by year. Even in private farms, farmers tend to make their own business on this. This direction of poultry farming is beneficial due to low costs, simple care for the wards, and the demand for dietary meat.

Getting your business right is very important. The health of birds, which means their productivity and profitability, directly depends on a reasonable approach.

How to start business planning

Breeding turkeys as a business begins with a general idea of ​​​​the desired result and the way to achieve it. The future farmer must decide on what he will earn money: on the sale of meat, hatching eggs, young animals or adult breeding individuals. From this, the necessary equipment and breed are selected. Next begins the study of specific hybrids, their compatibility with each other.

The farmer must choose what products he wants to sell.

Next, you need to decide on the form of maintenance, care, the number of heads in the flock. After prices are studied, a spending plan is drawn up, profitability is considered, construction work and arrangement of premises are organized. In conclusion, the poultry house is disinfected, the livestock is purchased and resettled, and the business is registered with government agencies.

Choice of direction

Not every newly-made farmer will guess where to start choosing the direction of maintenance. First of all, the features of a particular cross, its tendency to disease, the scale of the territory, and the climate of residence are taken into account.

Depending on these factors, the priority type of cultivation is determined:

Usually turkeys are kept outdoors.

1. Extensive- best suited for southern regions, in cold areas it causes difficulties. A warm poultry house and a pasture area with shelter from rain and heat are combined. From 2 months of age until slaughter, individuals spend most of their time on the run. They have the ability to feed on grass, insects on their own, which reduces feed costs. The method is good for the development of livestock immunity to the disease, reducing the percentage of rejects. At the same time, extensive maintenance is possible only seasonally, so the income is also not constant. Acceptable for all breeds.
2. Cellular- multi-tiered cages are installed in the poultry house. Only suitable for light and medium crosses. The room is equipped with ventilation, lighting and heating. In such conditions, females for slaughter grow faster. In addition, it is more profitable to keep young animals for breeding sale and space is used more rationally. The method is often combined with artificial insemination of turkeys to hatch hatching eggs. Long-term keeping of one livestock in cages is not recommended in order to avoid frailty, sickness of birds. With a quick slaughter or sale at a young age, this option is acceptable.
3. Floor- often chosen in cold regions for heavy turkeys, but also suitable for other types of breeds. For such maintenance, a spacious room is taken with heating, light, ventilation without drafts. The floor rises above ground level by 25-30 cm, is insulated and covered with bedding of hay and sawdust of soft trees. Slots can be made, or nets can be installed to remove litter, dirt, moisture. It is better not to keep small turkeys on the floor so that they are not trampled on and that they do not choke on sawdust. Birds are divided into groups according to breeds, ages, families with high partitions. It is necessary to observe the population density per 1 sq.m - no more than 3-5 heads, depending on the size.

Only light and medium crosses of turkeys can be kept in cages.

All types can be implemented at different scales.

The nuances of breeding turkeys

Whether it is profitable or not to breed turkeys depends on the comfort of the conditions created for them. With proper care and timely vaccinations, young animals are less likely to get sick, have immunity to infections, ripen faster, and the taste of meat improves.

Factors important for healthy chick growth include:

• temperature and composition of the surrounding air;
• population density, size of habitat area;
• type of food;
• genetic purity;
• prevention of diseases to which there is a natural predisposition.

With proper care and maintenance, turkey poults do not get sick and grow well.

It is worthwhile to study the symptoms and treatment of these pathologies before buying, to find out the vaccinations made and necessary by age.

contagious diseases

Non-communicable diseases

In cases of improper feeding and congenital abnormalities, beriberi and goiter most often occur. These pathologies are not dangerous for the pack, but they bring inconvenience to a particular baby.

Due to improper feeding, turkeys can suffer from beriberi.

Minimum requirements for enclosures

Healthy livestock can only be raised in a warm enclosure. The temperature in the first days is about 36-37C, as it grows, it gradually drops to 27C. For heating, burners of 3-5 kW are installed at a height of 70-90 cm. There are 2 feeders and 2-3 drinkers for 50 heads.

Livestock purchase

The farmer can purchase eggs for incubation, young or adult layers. The easiest way to start is with 30-day-old chicks - such turkey poults are as hardy as possible, strong, able to adapt in a new place, eat regular food.

In the version with eggs, an incubator, hatching time, and special fattening of newborns will be required. In addition, not all eggs will give birth, especially healthy ones. The condition of the young is immediately visible, and this way saves time and money.

It is better to buy turkeys aged from one day to 30 days.

Breed selection

Beginners are best suited for light and medium crosses. Heavy species eat more and are more difficult to care for. Turkeys weighing up to 12 kg are less whimsical, have higher survival rates. Heavyweights are the realm of experienced poultry farmers, they can be started as the business grows.

Some of the best crosses for beginner breeders include:

• bronze broad-breasted - suitable for cage keeping, weight - 9-11 kg, egg production - 120 pieces;
• North Caucasian bronze - they are taken to pastures, weight - 7-12 kg, egg production - 80 pieces.

For novice farmers, it is better to choose a light or medium cross.

The popular breeds of Hybrid converter, Big 6, Universal, white broad-chested should be approached at least from the 2nd year of working with turkeys.

As noted earlier, success in the business with turkeys is possible only with the right content. Growing the first weeks can occur naturally or incubation, but then it is necessary to transfer the birds to general conditions.

After 4-6 weeks (depending on the breed) individuals need about 20-22C heat. On colder days, the heaters are turned on. No more than 5 goals are settled per 1 sq.m. Young growth is never mixed with sexually mature turkeys. Be sure to have drinkers, feeders in proportions of 2-3 pieces per 20 heads.

When grazing outdoors, a fence is made at least 2.5 m high (turkeys fly), fortifications are placed on the ground from wild animals. Humidity above 25% is not allowed. For laying hens, nests are made on boards with thresholds 20 cm from the floor.

For 1 sq.m. lodge no more than 5 heads of young animals.

The best option is considered to be a combination of cages for young animals, an indoor aviary for adults, a corner for laying hens and a street paddock.

Proper feeding of turkeys

The optimal turkey menu includes:

• In the morning - PK-5 compound feed with greens;
• For lunch - a wet mash of corn, barley, bran, fish giblets, boiled carrots and greens. Dry yeast, minerals, salt, sometimes cottage cheese are added. When grazing, the birds themselves feed on pasture;
• In the evening - dry grain with grass and berries. You can mix feed.

When feeding, it is better to give preference to ready-made complete feeds.

Important. Corn and other starchy foods are given only after heat treatment.

At the beginning of life, young animals are fed boiled eggs, greens, cottage cheese, and compound feed is gradually introduced. Grains and vegetables - from 3 weeks.

Enterprise planning

A business plan is an important part of any business venture. All expenses and incomes are entered into it in order to calculate the profitability.

When breeding turkeys, planning includes consideration of factors:

• Buying eggs or individuals.
• Purchase of a site (if it was not).
• Construction of the premises (if not already).
• Arrangement of the internal space of the poultry house, inventory.
• Feed expenses.

The business plan includes all costs associated with the purchase of poultry and equipment.

Assumptions are made about the sales market, payback is calculated. Optimally, expenses should not exceed income in the aggregate.

Expense, income, profitability

The minimum costs of a turkey business in the presence of a common room are about 40 thousand rubles:

• 3-6 thousand - cages or enclosures for young animals;
• 10-12 thousand - purchase of 4 adult layers and 1 turkey;
• About 4 thousand - feeding of chicks up to 3 weeks;
• 15 thousand - feed for six months for 30-40 adult heads.

If eggs are bought, then the cost of 40 rubles per piece is taken into account. Young growth is sold on average for 300-500 rubles an individual.

The average cost of a hatching turkey egg is 40-60 rubles.

When selling eggs, income is at least 3-5 thousand rubles from the quantity (some are left for cultivation). A kilo of meat costs from 200 to 400 rubles, depending on the breed and locality (they sell the second annual litter, slaughter at 6 months). Young animals are sent for sale from 3 weeks of age (first litter).

Thus, even minimal investments and sales will give a profit of at least 10 thousand already in 1 or 2 years with self-maintenance of the farm.

Important. The slaughterhouse will increase the demand for processed poultry. The presence of this brings profitability closer to 98%, regardless of the size of the farm.

What kind of staff is needed

The business may require related staff: veterinarians, drivers to transport purchases and deliver goods to customers, bird care assistants.

For large livestock, a full-time veterinarian is required.

When expanding the business, spending this column will cost at least 30 thousand rubles.

Capital investments

Capital investments are paperwork, the purchase of livestock, the arrangement of the main poultry house, an incubator, and related equipment. With the expectation of 100 birds, investments will amount to at least 126 thousand rubles.

Monthly costs

Each month, the expenses include food purchases, utilities, staff salaries and transportation costs. On average, about 70 thousand rubles come out for 100 heads.

We offer you to watch a video that is devoted to the question: is it possible to benefit from breeding turkeys and is it worth starting such a business.

Sales of products

You can sell turkey meat by agreement in cafes, restaurants, shops. Carcasses are also sold to private individuals at meat markets or by advertisement. On a large scale, it is possible to establish the production and marketing of minced meat, fillets and semi-finished products.

There are lovers of turkey eggs for food. Young growth and hatching eggs are sold in clubs, by announcement, by agreement with farms.

Breeding turkeys as a business is very much in demand today. Many farmers have heard that there is a turkey rearing business and this type of income is becoming more and more popular. The popularity of the business is based on easy bird care, low costs, and there is a great demand for dietary meat. But in order to understand whether such a business is profitable or not, you need to thoroughly calculate everything. Breeding turkeys as a business must be able to properly organize. In addition, the better your knowledge, the healthier your wards will be, and the productivity and profitability of your activity also depends on this.

Benefits of breeding turkeys

Turkeys as a business require careful selection of the breed for breeding. Not all varieties of birds are suitable for example for meat production. You also need to decide on the purpose of the business, perhaps you will grow individuals and sell them to breeders, then you need to choose the most beautiful and undemanding breeds. Some novice breeders acquire universal breeds that quickly gain mass and boast of their unpretentiousness. Before you purchase livestock, you should carefully read all the characteristics, see photos and videos.

Business layout

Business on turkeys begins with an idea of ​​what result you need and what paths you decide to take in order to achieve your goals. To begin with, decide why you need to grow turkeys as a business and with what product do you want to earn money? It can be meat, hatching eggs, young or adults. The choice of equipment and the breed of the bird itself depends on this choice.

After the type of sale and the breed of the bird are determined, you need to figure out in what form you will keep your birds, and in what quantity, also study in more detail all the nuances of caring for turkeys.

To properly plan your business, you need to find out about the prices at the moment and how your costs may increase, say in a year. It is necessary to draw up a cost plan, calculate profitability, organize construction work and equip premises for turkeys. The last stage of creating a business is the disinfection of the future habitat of birds, the purchase and settlement of turkeys. The final thing you definitely need to do is register your business with the relevant authorities.

How to choose a line of business?

The turkey business and its plan at home, as well as the choice of direction, first of all, begins with the characteristics of a certain type of turkey (it's hard for novice farmers to guess about this). Find out all the information about the type of turkeys that you want to breed, read the information about what diseases they are prone to, what is the optimal size of the territory for their safe living, what climate is necessary for them.

After the information is received and studied, the type of cultivation is determined. You can choose a combined type of business, when half of the individuals are grown for meat, the other half for sale. You can also grow universal breeds and sell what the buyer needs at the moment. Once you have established a strong market position for turkey products, you will be able to raise your price and set your own terms.

Acquisition of livestock

For future business and earnings, a farmer can purchase eggs for an incubator, young individuals or adult laying hens. It is best to buy chicks that are 30 days old, it is at this age that the birds are hardy, strong and easily adapt to new conditions for them, they eat ordinary food. If you decide to buy eggs, then you need an incubator and time, since the chicks will not hatch right away, take care of special food for newborn turkeys.

It is worth noting that some eggs may be without a chick, and there is also a possibility of the birth of sick turkey poults. By purchasing young individuals, you immediately see their condition, which will clearly save you time and money. The best period to buy is February. Pay close attention to the parents of the chicks, learn about vaccinations, and see what the chick looks like. For better bird survival, it is recommended to buy young animals of different litters.

How to choose a breed?

Light breeds of turkeys are easier to handle

If you are new to this business, then it is best to buy light or medium breeds of turkeys. As for heavy crosses, they require different care and consume a lot of feed. Birds weighing less than 12 kg are easier to manage and their survival rates are much higher.

There are several types of turkeys that are considered the best for beginners.

• North Caucasian bronze. An excellent type of turkey for pasture, their weight is 7-12 kg, 80 eggs hatch.
• Bronze broad-breasted. Turkey for growing in cages, its weight is 9-11 kg, and the egg production reaches up to 120 pieces.
• In addition to these two breeds, there are also: Hybrid Converter, Universal, Big 6, white broad-chested, but it is better to start them after working with turkeys, at least for 2 years.

Ways to grow turkeys

Cellular

For this type of cultivation, special longline cages are placed indoors. This type of cultivation is optimal for light and medium types of turkeys at home. The poultry house must have ventilation, good lighting and heating. In properly equipped conditions in cages, individuals grow at an active pace. Also, in this way, young animals are well reared for breeding sale and space is used wisely.

Often in such conditions, artificial insemination of turkeys is carried out in order to obtain hatching eggs. It is not recommended to keep one livestock of turkeys in cages for a long time, as the birds become more resistant to diseases, and their appearance wants the best. Cage-raised birds are well suited for quick slaughter or for sale at a young age.

Extensive

This type of turkey rearing at home is most suitable for farmers living in the southern regions, if raising birds in an extensive way in cold areas, difficulties may arise. Whether or not this is beneficial will ultimately depend on the particular breed. This type of rearing requires a poultry house and a pasture area adjacent to it, which must be protected from precipitation and heat.

Birds that have reached the age of 2 months begin to be released for walking almost constantly, and this continues until the slaughter. Turkeys feed on grass and insects themselves, which is excellent and positively reflected in the costs of the farmer. The extensive method of rearing birds is well reflected in their immunity, such birds are less susceptible to diseases, and the marriage rate is reduced to a minimum. But, it is worth noting that this type of cultivation is suitable for those farmers who are ready to receive income only during the season. Under these conditions, you can grow any breed of turkeys.

Floor

The outdoor type of growing turkeys is recommended for all types of turkeys, and especially for heavyweights. In this case, you should not even think about whether it is profitable or not, since the floor method of maintenance requires the least cost. To grow birds with the floor method of keeping, it is necessary to prepare a large room with light, good ventilation and heating. The floor should be located 30 cm above the ground, it should be insulated and covered with hay and softwood sawdust. Slots can be sealed in the floor or nets can be installed so that all litter, dirt and moisture do not linger on the floor surface.

Young animals should not be left on the bare floor, as small individuals can be trampled by older ones and it is also likely that turkey poults will choke on sawdust scattered on the floor. During floor growing, turkeys must be divided by breed, by age. Use high baffles to keep the turkeys from flying away. These birds have wings and can fly over a small fence or fence. Remember that birds need enough space, so make sure that there are no more than 3-5 turkeys per 1 square meter, depending on their size.

Features of breeding turkeys

Think carefully about the conditions

Whether or not a turkey farm will be profitable for you depends on how carefully you take care of the living conditions of the turkeys. If you properly care for, vaccinate young individuals and follow certain feeding rules, then the likelihood that the birds will get sick is reduced, and the taste of meat in such turkeys is much better. The room is best done immediately with the possibility of heating. In areas of residence with cold winters, turkeys may freeze to death in an unheated room. When crossing with different breeds, you need to consider the possible consequences, especially if you are just a beginner breeder, it is recommended to start by breeding one breed.

In order for the chicks to grow up healthy and strong, due attention must be paid to the following factors

• temperature and air.
• Nutrition.
• Habitat size, population density.
• genetic purity.

Prevention against possible diseases of turkeys

Some breeds of turkeys are predisposed to various diseases, which you need to know about before buying turkeys. Learn about the symptoms of diseases and all the methods of treatment. At the initial stages of treatment, most diseases can be easily cured without much cost to you and damage to the bird. Even if the turkeys are not worried about anything, then they should be shown to the veterinarian for a preventive examination once every 6-12 months. From birth, do not save and put the necessary vaccinations. When various diseases occur in turkeys, they should be transferred to a separate pen until the disease is completely cured.

Infectious diseases of turkeys

• Tuberculosis
• Worms
• Histomonosis
• Mycoplasmosis

Non-communicable diseases include

• Avitaminosis

Such diseases most often occur due to malnutrition of birds, or according to the principle of some genetic predisposition. This type of disease is not dangerous to other birds.

poultry house requirements

Proper conditions are necessary to raise healthy and strong livestock, and one of them is warmth. In the poultry house where turkeys will be grown on the first day, it should be 36-37 degrees Celsius, then the temperature is reduced to 27 degrees. To heat the aviary, use burners (3-5 kW) and install them at a height of 70-90 cm. There must be several feeders and drinkers in the aviary, for example, if there are 50 birds, then they need to put 2 feeders and 2-3 drinkers.

You can grow turkeys in the first weeks naturally or with the help of an incubator, but after that, the birds must be transferred to general living conditions. After 4-6 weeks from birth, birds need 20-22 degrees of heat in the room. You can accommodate 5 birds per 1 m2, no more. You do not need to settle young individuals with mature ones. The presence of drinkers and feeders (20 birds - 2-3 pcs).

Business plan

It is important to make your business plan

Developing your own business plan is mandatory and important. This plan includes expenses and income, thanks to which you can calculate the profitability of your own business.

To breed turkeys, you need to consider the following factors

• Purchase of birds (or eggs).
• Acquisition of an area for breeding birds.
• Building a poultry house.
• Arrangement of space for birds.
• Food expenses.

Thanks to the fact that you have a plan, business payback calculations are carried out, assumptions about the sales market are indicated. Estimated expense, income and profitability of a turkey farming business. The smallest amount that you can spend for this business, taking into account the fact that you have a room, is 40 thousand rubles.

This amount includes

• The cost of equipment is 3,000 - 6,000 rubles.
• Purchase of 4 adult turkeys and 1 turkey -10,000 - 12,000 rubles.
• The diet until the age of 20 days is approximately 4,000 rubles.
• Food for 6 months for 30-40 adult birds - 15,000 rubles.

If it is decided to purchase eggs, then it is necessary to count 40 rubles per 1 egg, the cost of young individuals is 300 - 500 rubles. Selling eggs will bring you 3,000 - 5,000 rubles, depending on the number of eggs (a few eggs are kept for growing). 1 kg of meat - 200 - 400 rubles, depending on the breed and locality. The second annual litter is suitable for sale, slaughter occurs when it reaches 6 months of age. Young animals can be sold from 3 weeks of age.

Possible costs

• Veterinarians.
• Drivers.
• Turkey Care Assistants.
• Purchase of feed.
• Communal payments.
• The salary of the staff working for you.
• Shipping costs.

The average monthly cost is 70,000 rubles per 100 individuals.

How much does it cost to grow BIG-6 turkeys in rubles // REPORT // My farm

Is it profitable to keep turkeys

Breeding and raising turkeys as an idea for a business

Breeding turkeys. Business idea

Business from scratch in the village, growing turkeys BIK 6 Earnings on poultry Business Ideas Successful 2016

Sales of products

The main criterion is the sale of products. The fact is that at the initial stage, many farmers may have difficulties, since at first it is not easy to find a point of sale for finished products. You need to prove yourself, it is possible to reduce prices, make them less than those of competitors. This is necessary in order to pay attention to you. To sell your products, you need to have connections with cafes, restaurants and shops. Carcasses can also be sold to individuals working in meat markets or sold by advertisement. For large-scale production, you can sell various semi-finished products, minced meat and fillets.

Breeding turkeys as a business is a popular and quite profitable activity. Since people noticed the benefits of dietary turkey meat, demand and interest in these products has increased dramatically. And, therefore, the benefit from keeping this bird has also increased. Turkeys themselves are not very costly to maintain, so such a business is considered a quick payback. If you want to try this type of poultry farming, then this article will be useful.

Definitely yes, but answering this question, it should be said right away that turkey meat is a valuable dietary product. It contains a lot of protein and iron, but little fat. This makes it simply indispensable for people involved in sports and for people with a special diet. That is why there is always a demand for such products and will always be. And, as practice shows, every year it only increases.

In addition, do not forget that the turkey is the largest meat poultry, the breeding of which does not require much skill and special labor. The weight of an adult individual reaches 10 kilograms. Knowing the price of products, you can easily calculate how profitable this activity is. Moreover, the idea of ​​growing turkeys is especially promising for rural residents. All that is needed for keeping a bird is space and the necessary feed.

If you start a business with a large farm, then, as a rule, production pays off within 2-4 years. Of course, the initial costs depend on the region, and on the availability of space, premises, the selected breed of poultry, and the method of cultivation. But the profitability of the economy is always about 98%.

Where to start and how to create a successful business?

In order for turkey breeding and your business to bring maximum profit, you must first properly organize the farm. To do this, it is important to choose the right breed of poultry, create all the necessary conditions for rearing young animals and adults, plan your work, draw up a schedule and feed ration. As practice shows, the main costs fall on the construction of a poultry house and the purchase of land, the purchase of the necessary equipment, as well as feed. But if you already have your own plot and a poultry house, then the initial costs are halved.

Growing method

Before you start planning the construction or arrangement of the poultry house, you should decide on the method of keeping turkeys. For example, today there is a floor, cellular, extensive and semi-intensive method. Depending on the region and climatic conditions, these types can be combined. Each farmer must take into account the peculiarities of the climate, which will affect the productive qualities of the bird. The most important factors are light, temperature, humidity, feed, area, walking and grazing.

For example, in the southern regions it is very convenient to use the extensive method of poultry breeding. In the warm season, young animals are kept indoors, and then transferred to pasture or to a free-range paddock. This method allows you to successfully maintain a large number of turkeys, but requires large areas.

In the cold regions of the country, one cannot do without a heated capital building. It will need to be built with a feed, water, waste disposal, ventilation and heating system. Of course, this type will require a lot of financial costs. As for the cellular content, it is beneficial if it is not possible to have a large territory. In this case, it will take more time and labor to serve the bird, but less feed.

bird breed

The right breed, taking into account climatic and food bases, is the key to business success. Breeding different breeds gives a different yield, as there are meat and egg breeds. Some birds gain weight quickly, others grow faster and are more productive. Having studied all the breeds, you can choose the most suitable cross for yourself. For example, in Russia they are very popular for industrial breeding.

The weight of these birds ranges from 10 to 15 kilograms and they adapt well to cellular conditions. You can learn more about different breeds of turkeys in our section "Turkeys".

Place for walking

The turkey is a large bird that requires a lot of space for its development and growth. That is why successful breeding and business are very closely related to the place of walking. For example, it can be a separate paddock or even an ordinary meadow or grassy field. It is very good if the bird has access to greenery during the walk. This increases the development and weight gain of young animals and saves on feed.

Compliance with the regime

Balanced diet

A balanced diet is the key to successful poultry rearing and business benefits. Since turkeys are heavy birds, they need a lot of minerals to maintain healthy and strong bones. To do this, it is best to buy special premixes and compound feeds, as well as to properly compose a diet. In addition to nutrition, you will also need special medications to prevent poultry diseases.

Buying or breeding a bird?

So, we have a room, feed and all the necessary conditions for breeding birds. Now it remains to purchase turkeys and the question arises - to take an egg, young animals or already adults? Let's say right away that it is better not to start a business with growing chicks from eggs. This will require additional costs for the incubator and brooder, and it is not always possible to obtain a successful brood. It is best to buy one male and four females, as well as young animals for rearing for meat.

We will give you approximate calculations. For example, one adult will cost about 1,500 to 2,000 rubles. That is, a full-fledged family of five birds will come out from about 7,000 to 10,000 rubles. It is better to buy a bird in winter, so that the females are already well adapted to the new place by the time of laying. This will improve breeding.

As for eggs, a turkey hatching egg costs about 100 rubles apiece. The entire ripening period is 28 days, and the incubator will come out at least 25,000 rubles. Daily young growth can be bought for 150-200 rubles apiece. With each passing day of age, the price increases, as the degree of survival and stability of the bird increases.

Important! The best option for permanent meat and brood production would be to have approximately 4 age groups of birds. The planting interval can vary within 6 weeks. Thanks to this, you will always have a bird for slaughter, thereby supporting the business.

Business plan

• Adult bird - from 1500 to 2000 rubles.
• A car for housekeeping and marketing of products - about 500,000 rubles.
• Feeding - from 15,000 to 25,000 for 50 individuals. This includes the consumption of feed, vitamins, premixes, medicines.
• Compound feed - a package of 20 kilograms costs about 600 rubles. For one adult during oviposition, a little more than 40 kilograms will be required. Young animals - 52 kilograms for 33 weeks, females for 8 weeks of fattening - 4 kg, from 9 to 16 weeks - 10 kg, for males - 4 and 27 kg, respectively.

Income and benefit

Today, the approximate price of meat in various regions of the country is 250-300 rubles per kilogram. It is most profitable to sell products to specialized butcher shops or regular customers. But it is most profitable to sell products to restaurants and cafes, retail chains. In addition to the meat itself, you can sell turkey eggs, which are also in demand. You can sell young birds and even droppings as fertilizer.

As practice shows, in different regions the return on investment is 60-80% in the first year of business. If we are talking about a family farm, then the figure ranges from 55 to 85%, depending on the size of the farm and the initial costs. It is also worth considering the salaries of employees. You can make do with your own labor to run your home business.

Video "In rearing turkeys on a small farm»

In this video, you can hear personally from a poultry breeder how profitable it is to keep turkeys. The farmer has a small farm, what he faces in poultry farming, find out right now.

The turkey is considered the largest bird suitable for commercial purposes. Much has been said about the quality and benefits of the dietary product, which allows farmers to hope for a solid income from poultry farming. On the shelves of grocery chains, chicken is more common, because in the country the largest number of producers are oriented to it. Turkey is more expensive. Price affects demand, but there are sometimes more consumers than products. After analyzing the market in your region, you can draw up a business plan for breeding turkeys and assess the prospects. The project can be focused on a different farm format and bird habitat conditions. Our example assumes a family business within the framework of a mini-poultry house, organized on a territory adjacent to private ownership.

Summary

Breeding turkeys is in many ways similar to other types of poultry farming. The wards need an equipped room and a fenced area for outdoor walking. The only nuance is the weight, overall size and anxiety of turkeys. The male and female grow rapidly and cannot comfortably exist in a confined space due to high traumatism. The bones and wings of the turkey are weak, quickly break when squeezed. This happens during the mating season or when frightened, when a flock of turkeys tries to escape and less agile relatives can be trampled.

Based on the above circumstances, turkeys need premises or pens with an area of ​​1 sq. m for 1-2 birds. This figure is provided for birds that have reached final weight and are ready for slaughter or sale in live weight. The turkey grows quickly, so don't house more chicks initially unless there is additional space to separate larger females and males.

A high risk of injury can lead to a severe loss and affect the bottom line of profit. At the stage of preparation for the launch of the project, it is necessary to consider the method of keeping the wards and the number of animals that can simultaneously coexist in the existing territory. The best option is a mixed type of content, when different compartments or cages are provided for turkeys of different ages. It is desirable to divide even a street corral into several sectors, in which the number of animals should not exceed 150 animals.

Farm Options

Kind of activity: agriculture, poultry farming; breeding turkeys for meat, breeding offspring.

OKVED: 01.47 "Breeding of poultry".

Form of business: KFH.

System of tax deductions: ESHN.

Location of the farm: the turkey farm will be located in a rural-type settlement, 50 km away from the regional center. The proximity will allow you to independently sell meat on the market or in a farm shop. The home ownership of a beginner poultry breeder is located on the outskirts of the village, which makes it possible to expand the land plot by agreement with the administration. The total area of ​​​​the turkey house, paddock for walking, auxiliary buildings for inventory, feed, slaughterhouse, refrigerator is 15 hectares. Most of it is reserved for keeping birds. All facilities must be built because no animals have been kept on the site until that time.

Service list

• Growing turkeys for meat.
• Tribal cultivation of a thoroughbred bird.
• Breeding chicks in an incubator.
• Sale of hatching eggs and chicks to customers.
• Retail and small wholesale sale of meat.
• Selling ideas and turkeys live weight.

The work schedule is irregular. The farmer's working day starts at 6 am and ends at 21-22 pm. The workload depends on the season and the way the turkeys are kept.

Material base of the project

A business plan for breeding turkeys with calculations involves estimating costs at the preparation stage, during the growing period and profitability after the sale of the goods. The main investments will go to the turkey house, internal equipment, equipment, dividing the adjacent territory into several pens. Turkeys, like other poultry, need extra light with reduced natural light and ventilation. If the climate is cold, you need to think about warming the turkey house. The list of costs and the amount of investments will be entered in the table:

Global costs are coming precisely for the construction of buildings and communications. This is due to the fact that the farm will lead a continuous cycle of growing turkeys. It is possible to reduce costs at the initial stage of poultry farming if you start in the spring and equip turkeys with only street pens and sheds for shelter from rain and overnight. After receiving the first profit, warm hangars can be erected according to the principle of frame, panel buildings. Then the investments will be gradual, as funds come from the sale. You can save on building materials if you buy them at a time when the cost is reduced due to the end of the season.

The timing of the launch of the economy in work

Consumer demand for turkey does not depend on the season. The only moment in the poultry farm is the season for selling chicks. In early spring there is an opportunity to buy good chicks at an affordable price. Preparations for the launch of the farm can begin in the fall or winter. A long stage will be the arrangement of the territory, the construction of a turkey house. The purchase of turkey chicks can be planned if you know the hatching schedule on the farm. All stages and terms will be reflected in the table:

Turkeys quickly gain commercial weight, and the first profit from the sale of meat can be obtained in 3-4 months, if you do not wait for the maximum weight of the bird. A novice farmer can postpone the stage of building a turkey house for the fall in the absence of start-up capital.

Personnel policy in the economy

Based on the fact that the project is focused on a family business, there is no question of personnel. All family members are interested in maximizing profits and reducing costs, so they will not attract hired employees at the beginning of the journey.

To care for a bird in a small farm, 4 people are enough to provide the livestock with food, water, clean the turkey house from droppings, control the process of incubation of eggs and provide comfortable conditions for the hatched offspring.

An employment contract can be drawn up if it is necessary to employ one of the family members. Then you need to take into account in the business plan the costs of tax deductions and contributions to the Pension Fund and the Social Insurance Fund.

The result of the activity of the economy

Experienced farmers claim that the profitability of the turkey business is very high. But a lot depends on the location of the farm, the material support of the novice entrepreneur, the choice of the method of keeping the livestock and the range of services provided. Also, the owner needs good communication skills to find profitable distribution channels for products.

We will calculate the profitability of the business for the first year of operation. The first profit is possible in 4-6 months from the sale of carcasses. If the turkey breed is chosen correctly, then the female can gain weight up to 12 kg, and males up to 20 kg or more. The final weight depends on the terms of maintenance and breed. With the independent sale of meat on the market, it is possible to receive revenue from 350 rubles / kg. One carcass can bring income from 4 to 8 thousand rubles. Let's take an average of 6 thousand rubles apiece. The farm can sell up to 1 thousand heads of turkey per year. Let's add to the proceeds the sale of hatching eggs at a price of 100 rubles per piece. and chicks at a price of 300 rubles / piece. Up to 500 turkey chicks and eggs can be sold per year. This can bring up to 120 thousand rubles a year.

Let's make a table of annual income:

It takes several years for the farm to achieve the profit results shown in the table. It is necessary to take into account the nature of the bird and the high level of injuries. Turkeys easily fall ill with respiratory diseases, and the loss of livestock is higher than that of other birds. The sales plan may be lower with improper care and feeding.

Now let's calculate the net profit, taking into account the fixed costs of the economy for utilities, transport and other parameters that we indicate in the table:

Investments in the project amounted to more than 1 million rubles. It turns out that the KFH will return its investments in the first year of operation if the sales plan is implemented immediately. However, in practice, payback should be expected no earlier than the third season.

Eventually

Breeding turkeys for commercial purposes can be profitable for a novice farmer if the business plan is correctly drawn up, the nuances of bird care are taken into account and there is no serious competition in the market. If there is no experience in poultry farming, it is advisable to start with a smaller number of livestock so that there are no sales problems. The older the turkey, the greater the cost of feed, but weight gain slows down and the risk of injury increases. It is better to increase the livestock gradually, with an increase in the number of customers.