For different regions, it is worth choosing the appropriate breeds. Altai and Sarboyan carp adapt well to life in Siberia, in the north and in the center they usually breed Chuvash or Central Russian, Parsky. Stavropol and Krasnodar are suitable for the southern regions.

Universal breed- mirror, it is bred everywhere.

You can start breeding carp fry with the purchase of 30-40 yearlings, they grow and multiply quickly, so a small number is enough. The purchase will cost approximately $15. Before being transported, the larvae must spend several hours under running water to clean the gills and intestines from contamination. They are transported in the water from the place of the previous habitat and together with it they are poured into the equipped rates.

Pond and fry launch

For breeding, a quiet area, open to sunlight, protected from various noises, is suitable. There are two options for home improvement: dig an artificial pond or buy a pool. Pit dimensions: at least 4x6 meters in length and width, depth - 1.5-3 m.

The bottom of a self-dug pond must be compacted: pour sand over the soil and fill it with concrete. When it dries, a PVC film or clay is laid on top, only then water is poured.

A tank of the right size will cost about $650. The maintenance of carps implies regular water purification. A two-stage filter with biological and mechanical cleaning (Ecosoft, Leader) costs $250-300.

Water is taken from a nearby natural reservoir, artesian, flowing. Within a few days, the liquid settles. Then larvae are launched into it at the rate of no more than 10-15 goals per 1 cu. The optimal time for stocking the pond is March-April. To speed up the reproduction of microorganisms in it, put an armful of grass on the bottom.

Carp breeding technology

This fish is quite hardy and unpretentious, it can survive even in extreme conditions: in shallow water when the channel dries up and with little pollution. But such situations should not be allowed.

Conditions of detention

Required water parameters:

• Temperature - + 24 ... + 26 degrees in summer and + 18 ... + 20 degrees in spring;
• Acidity - 7-8 pH;
• The oxygen content is in the range of 7-8 mg / l.

Feeding

Adults are fed twice a day. Complementary feeding should be organized in a permanent place, and food is not thrown directly into the pond to avoid contamination.

For this purpose, a tray in the form of a pallet is suitable, which is lowered into the pool during the day and in the evening (at 13.00 and 18.00). The amount of daily food per individual is approximately 3-5% of their own weight. About 15 kg of feed will be required per month.

This fish is unpretentious and almost omnivorous. In order to economize on special mixtures for fish, you can cook food yourself. What is included? Legumes (peas, beans), larvae, earthworms, wheat and wheat bran, soybeans, barley, corn, oilseed cake, fishmeal, meat and bone, yeast.

All this is crushed in a meat grinder or blender, several times a month you can add ready-made cereals, leftovers of stale bread, animal blood to the mixture. Chopped feed for pigs and chickens is also suitable.

An example of the composition of the feed (per 100 grams): ground eggshell (5 grams), semolina (10 grams), plankton (bloodworm, daphnia - 10 grams), evaporated oatmeal (40 grams), chopped greens (dandelions, lettuce, spinach - 10 g), chalk (3 gr.), boiled potatoes (5 grams), gelatin (20 g), earthworms (10 g), vitamins (for example, Pikovit) - one dragee.

For hatched larvae, a separate diet of microplankton (special food for fry) should be organized for the first week.

reproduction

The required temperature during spawning is +17…+20 degrees. Within a week or two, the eggs ripen.

Wintering

In winter, individuals usually sink to the bottom, where they hibernate, covered with a protective layer of mucus.

But until the reservoir is covered with ice, animals should be fed once a day, the amount of oxygen should be maintained at the level of 3-4 mg per liter and the temperature should not be lower than +5 degrees.

Costs and profits

To start carp farming, you will need to invest about $1000, and the monthly cost of feed and maintenance will not exceed $100.

For sale, it is worth selecting individuals of medium size, 2-3 kg in weight. It is realistic to sell about 200 kg of fish per month with a total cost of $500-550. In the case of an artificial rate, you can organize paid fishing. Net income is approximately $400 per month.

There are no particular difficulties in carps, but the increase in profits due to their rapid reproduction is very tangible. As a business, this is a promising business that can be gradually expanded in order to get more profit.

And growing carp is stocking with carp yearlings in the spring and catching them. By this time, the commodity mass has been reached. If you do not have the opportunity to purchase yearlings, then stock the pond with fry. But this is much more difficult, as separate categories of ponds will be required for breeding, rearing and wintering.

The optimum temperature for breeding is 20-28 degrees, while the water should be stagnant with a moderate amount of vegetation. The oxygen content in water should be 5-7 mg/l in summer, in winter - not less than 4 mg/l. With such and good feeding, the fish will gain 5-7 grams daily. If the water temperature is less than 14 degrees, the carp begins to consume less food and lose weight.

Carp eats almost everything. If you do not have special food available, then it can be replaced with pork or chicken. Such food must first be kneaded and added to the water in the form of a dough. Legumes and cereals are also suitable for feeding carp, they must be applied in a swollen state. It is recommended to feed the fish twice a day in a certain place designated specifically for feeding. Carp will remember the time and place of feeding, the food will not have time to turn sour. Many carp fishermen even ring a bell, so the fish go better to the feeding place.

Worms, small crustaceans and insect larvae are considered natural food for carps. Maintain a constant water level, the desired depth is one meter. The most breeds of carp for breeding: mirror, scaly, naked, linear, Ukrainian and framed.

Carp feel great in freshwater streams with a small current, lakes and ponds. This is an unpretentious fish in care, which can eat various types of food. In winter, after covering the reservoirs with a crust of ice, carps fall asleep until spring. In our article we will describe the process of breeding carp at home.

First you need to prepare a small body of water, ideally a pool or pond. The bottom of a reservoir dug in a private area is covered with a film or covered with clay soil, which will help retain moisture. The percentage of water enrichment with oxygen, as well as its quality indicators, will depend on the possibilities of water supply. According to technical standards, a slow current must be present in a carp pond. In addition, attention should be paid to the possibility of filtering the liquid. The best way would be to use a two-stage water purification system, through which fish waste will be removed.

For good growth of carp fish, the depth of the reservoir should be within 1.5-2 meters, but if the pond is deeper than the indicated values, then the water will not warm up to the desired temperature. The minimum displacement of the reservoir should be within 8 tons, that is, the overall dimensions of the pond are at least 2 * 3 meters and 1.5 meters deep. It is best to place the pond in a quiet place away from a noisy street, where the fish will not be stressed by extraneous noise. Sunlight should fall on the water surface, although a small part of the reservoir can be left in the shade of trees.

Carp develops well at water temperatures in the range of 22-26 degrees, since at lower temperatures the fish becomes lethargic and feeds poorly. A film is covered at the bottom of the excavated pond, then it is filled with water. When the liquid settles, you can start stocking. In order for carp females to be able to lay their eggs in a new reservoir, various aquatic plants are sown on its slopes.

The basis of carp breeding is the correct selection of fish species adapted to the climatic conditions of a particular region. For example, Altai carp is best suited for Siberia, in the central regions of the country it is better to breed Chuvash or Central Russian carp, in the south of the country - Krasnodar or mirror carp.

Carp breeding

The best way to get fry is to catch them in neighboring reservoirs, although some buy fish in specialized fish farms. If breeding from several adults is supposed, then for the reproduction of fish you need to take one male and a pair of females that have reached puberty. It is possible to determine the sex of fish only during the breeding season, when pressing on the abdomen, milk is released in males, and in females, caviar.

During the spawning period in an artificial reservoir, it is necessary to maintain the temperature within 16-18 degrees, at this time the sides of the pond should be covered with vegetation so that the female can lay eggs there. Small eggs develop on average for a week. At first, the embryos are almost immobile, they feed on the beneficial substances found in the eggs. After some time, the fry will begin to eat small crustaceans and aquatic vegetation.

Growing carps

Carp are fed twice a day, in the morning and in the evening. A separate place is allocated for feeding, and the amount of food should not exceed 3% of the mass of fish in the reservoir. If this rule is neglected, then food remains will soon begin to rot, which will affect the quality of the water. Feed should not be thrown into the water; it is better to pour it into a special tray. As we have already said, carps are omnivorous, they can consume feed for pigs and poultry, earthworms, boiled potatoes, peas. When using compound feed, it is mixed with water to a doughy state. When keeping carp in winter, it is necessary to enrich the water with oxygen.

Most entrepreneurs are men. Most men love fishing. It turns out that your own fish farm is a dream business. Is it so in reality? What kind of fish is better to breed in Russian conditions, and what are the secrets of this business?

Andrey Semenov, the director of the largest in the Moscow region Biserovsky fish factory, says

What is more profitable - carp or trout?

Anyone who decides to start his own "fish" business, first of all, needs to decide what kind of fish he will breed. You will have to choose one thing - either carp or trout. Only these two types of fish grow well and are in constant demand from buyers. Actually, the technology of the economy will depend on this choice.

Of course, if opportunities allow, you can go in for carp, trout, and much more - for example, like us. Every year our farm sells about 1000 tons of live fish, of which only 500-600 tons we grow directly in the Moscow region - the rest we import for overexposure and subsequent sale from other fish farms. In addition, we breed fish in rented reservoirs in the southern regions, organize paid fishing, and engage in fish processing - smoking, canning, etc. But such a scale, of course, is not available to a novice fish farmer.

The easiest way to grow carp. He is tenacious, unpretentious, most reservoirs suit him. To understand the technology of carp breeding, you do not need to graduate from the Timiryazev Academy with a degree in fish farming, just read textbooks. But on the market, at almost the same cost, capricious and sensitive trout is almost three times more expensive. True, in this case, one cannot do without hiring a qualified fish farmer: both experience and education are needed here.

This season, the Moscow market has very low wholesale prices for live fish. Trout has fallen in price since last year from 175 to 140 rubles per kilogram, a kilogram of carp costs 50-63 rubles. However, the business continues to be profitable. The profitability of our plant today is 8-9%. However, the average farmer, who does not have to pay for the maintenance of such a huge infrastructure as ours, can have an even higher rate of return. This business is also attractive because this year agricultural enterprises, which include all fish farms, have switched to a single agricultural tax. Now we pay the state only 6% of income reduced by expenses, exempt from VAT, income tax, unified social tax and property tax.

Where is the “climate” for fish?

The health and growth of fish is determined by two main factors - the temperature of the water and its saturation with oxygen. In addition, the state of the entire biological system of the reservoir, acidity (pH) and much more is important. To determine whether the pond you rented is suitable for fish farming, only specialists can do it. Therefore, before stocking the reservoir with fish, I advise you to do the so-called "fish-breeding biological justification." It is advisable to conduct this examination several times a year - in summer, winter, spring, autumn. In the Moscow region, it is best to involve specialists from the Fisheries Research Institute from the city of Dmitrov, Moscow Region. You can also contact us for advice. Those wishing to start a fish-breeding business regularly come to the Biserovsky plant, and our specialists give qualified advice.

For trout, the optimum water temperature is 16-19 degrees Celsius, but if the pond warms up to 24 - the fish will be on the verge of death and will certainly stop feeding. For example, we keep trout in a quarry 15 meters deep, because already at a depth of four meters the water temperature never rises above 16 degrees even in the summer heat. That is why many trout farms are located on cold flowing rivers or take water from rivers or artesian wells.

When breeding carp, everything is much simpler. The main thing is that the pond should not be polluted with oil products, manure and decaying organic matter, and preferably warm up well (the optimum temperature for it is 24-25 degrees). Its depth can be small - up to 1.5-1.8 meters. At this depth, the natural forage base develops most actively.

The whole of Russia is divided into fish farming zones. The Moscow region belongs to the first and second zones. The southern regions - for example, the Krasnodar and Stavropol Territories - to the fifth or sixth. It is much more profitable to breed fish in them, since the vegetative period during which it actively feeds and grows is longer. That is why for some time now we have begun to rent ponds in the Rostov region. Although, if you build all the technology correctly, as well as choose a suitable reservoir, then the business can be made quite profitable in the middle lane.

A 5 ha pond is enough to produce 10 tons of carp. Interestingly, the larger the reservoir, the easier it is to breed fish in it. A small reservoir is difficult to operate, because it quickly cools down and quickly warms up, and it has a tense hydrochemical regime. In a large reservoir, the temperature regime is more even, which is favorable for all fish.

It is desirable that the carp pond be drainable: this will greatly facilitate the process of catching in the fall. To do this, you can build a dam if, for example, a reservoir is formed by damming a river.

Many mistakenly believe that it is enough to put the fish into the reservoir, it will grow on its own, after which it only needs to be caught and sold. Nothing like this! Fish farming is a complex and very risky business. After all, you are dealing with a “live product” with which anything can happen at any moment.

Enhanced nutrition

The main item of expenditure for each fish farm is feed. They account for 50-60% of all costs. Of course, you can put the carp into the pond and wait until it grows up, feeding on a natural base. But the wait will be too long. At the same time, no more than 120 kg of fish can be obtained from 1 ha of water surface. We manage to get 22 centners of carp from one hectare, because we grow fish using a high-intensity method. Its main components are a high stocking density plus the use of high-protein nutritious feeds from the Reflex feeders with a protein content of at least 26-28% and fat - 5-7%. They are the most effective, although they are 20% more expensive than conventional compound feed. And the average price of food for carp is 7-8 rubles per kilogram.

Feeding trout is more difficult: for it you have to buy high-quality German feed, which costs 0.7-1 euro per kilogram. We have only one plant in Sergiev Posad that produces extruded feed of this level. But we still prefer proven imported ones. If you buy cheap compound feed for trout, then it will have white meat. The consumer is used to red. And it can be obtained only by using special feed additives - kartonoids obtained from krill.

A significant difference in the price of carp and trout feed is offset by the amount of feed that is needed for their fattening and the final selling price. Having spent only 1 kg of feed on trout, you can get an increase in fish weight of almost the same kilogram. In a kilogram of weight gain, carp will have to swell almost 3.5-4 kg of feed. Therefore, in the end, the cost of feed for growing one kilogram of carp is 26 rubles, and for trout - only a little more.

When feeding fish, the main thing is to know the measure. If you add too much feed, the fish will not eat everything, but the hydrochemical regime of the reservoir may change. And as a result, the fish will stop growing. On average, carp should be fed daily in the amount of 1.5-3% of the estimated weight of all fish in the reservoir, depending on the water temperature. The colder it is, the less food is required, since the carp's body temperature depends on the temperature of the water. In cold water, his metabolism slows down.

If the carp is kept in the reservoir itself, then the trout spends its whole life in special cages three by three meters, made of nylon mesh, and 5 meters deep. They are installed in cage lines - long welded structures. Similar lines are produced by the Stavropol Experimental Mechanical Plant. But they are quite expensive - the price of a line per 1000 sq. m - about 3-3.5 million rubles. Therefore, we prefer to make such, in general, simple constructions on our own.

Fight for health

Size matters

The larger the fish, the more in demand it is in the market. For carp, the optimal weight is 1.2-1.7 kg, for trout - from 800 g to 1 kg. To reach this weight, the carp grows for three years. For the first summer, he gains up to 25 grams, for the second - up to 200 grams and for the third - up to a kilogram.

The trout growing cycle is 2.5 years. True, trout can be sold in a year and a half, when it reaches a weight of 300 grams. But such a fish is in demand only among restaurateurs - it is a 300-gram fish 30-35 cm long that neatly and beautifully lies across the plate.

The carp growing cycle ends in autumn, when all farms lower (or catch) ponds. That is why in autumn carp appears in all stores and markets, and prices for it fall. At this point, the business is on the verge of profitability. But you can do smarter if there are appropriate opportunities for this. For example, overexpose carp until the New Year and even until March, gradually putting it on sale when prices stabilize. We keep up to 200 tons of fish in this way. True, in this case it is necessary to lay down 20% for losses: 10% - due to the fact that the fish is losing weight, and 10% - for the sea. We process the surplus fish: we smoke it, make aspic dishes and produce other food products.

Fish economy

Trout planting material can be purchased at a price of 250-400 rubles per kilogram, depending on the weight of the fry - from 1 to 50 grams. The smaller the trout, the more expensive it is, because as a result, more adult fish will be obtained from a kilogram of low-weight fry. About 10% should be set aside for losses. The remaining fry in 2.5 years will turn into 800-gram fish, which can be sold at 140-160 rubles per kilogram. It is most profitable to buy already fertilized eggs, incubating them yourself. We order caviar in Adler, where 100,000 fertilized eggs cost about 20,000 rubles. True, if the farm is a beginner and there is no relevant experience, it is better not to take risks and buy ready-made fry.

Annual planting material for carp is much cheaper - from 60 to 120 rubles per kilogram. The mass of fish is from 14 to 25-40 grams.

The biggest disadvantage of fish farms is the long payback period of investments. But there is an opportunity to make the money start to “fight back” much earlier. To do this, you can buy two-year-old fish weighing up to 200 grams. It will cost more. But in one season, carp can be fattened up to a marketable kilogram.

And it is very profitable to grow trout in winter at the state district power station, where the most optimal temperature regime is in the cooling ponds. They bring it there in the fall, and catch it in March-April. During this time, the mass of fish increases by two to three times.

When fishing carp ponds, another, “weedy” fish comes across with it. For example, we annually catch 30 tons of crucian carp alone. It is unprofitable to breed it: it grows too slowly. But when fishing on an industrial scale, crucian carp can be sold for 15-20 rubles per kilogram or transplanted into ponds for paid fishing. For example, Moscow Vietnamese take whole barrels of crucian carp from us - to prepare their national dishes.

If there are opportunities - cage lines, links with trade, as well as fish carts - you can buy fish (trout, carp, sturgeon) for overexposure. For example, just last year we imported and sold 500 tons of fish from other regions where it is cheaper. True, for this you need to have your own cars for transporting fish, which can cost 100 thousand euros. Although you can equip the car on your own: for this you need to install a tank or barrels with an oxygen supply system on the trailer.

Another good opportunity to replenish the budget of the economy is to arrange paid fishing. It gives us 5-6% of turnover (through it we annually sell 30-40 tons of fish). And small farms in general can sell most of their products in this way. This excludes the costs of logistics, fishery of the pond. That is, you actually sell fish “right in the water”, only at a price slightly lower than the market price.

Depending on the pond, the availability and species composition of fish, the cost of fishing ranges from 120 to 1500 rubles. But now the fisherman has become demanding, and for him we have to specially buy some types of fish that cannot be grown in our zone, for example, sturgeon or silver carp.

HOW MUCH CAN YOU EARN?

A farm that has grown 50 tons of carp and sold it at a price of 60 rubles per kilogram can count on such a result.

The carp growing cycle is three years.

SALES ISSUES

The market will not eat a lot of fish

Sales problems are now experienced by all fish farms near Moscow, including the Biserovsky fish processing plant. There are two reasons for this. First, the competition is quite strong. Secondly, compared to the past, the demand for live fish in Russia has fallen markedly. This product has become available not to all buyers, which is clearly seen in the example of the richest city in the country - Moscow. If in the early 1990s the capital consumed almost 10 thousand tons of fish in just three months (August-October), now all fish farms near Moscow together sell only 3.5 thousand tons in a whole year. Another three thousand tons are imported to the capital from the southern regions. This is more than enough for Moscow.

Another problem for fish breeders is the complex relationship with the trade, especially with supermarket chains. As you know, almost all of them ask for money for placing goods on their shelves. Plus, many retailers simply do not want to mess with live fish. For its maintenance, it is necessary to arrange an aquarium: clean it, change the water. And the volume of sales of live fish is not so big. For example, in one large shopping center, such as "Ashana" or "Metro", no more than 30-70 kilograms of trout or 200-300 kilograms of carp can be sold per day.

In addition, live fish is a delicate commodity. Anything can happen to him and on the way to the store: for example, if the oxygen supply suddenly stops or the temperature in the back of the car rises. Then the merchants will return the entire "defective" batch to the fish farmers.

It is not surprising that wholesalers do not deal in live fish. Shops also do not want to take on such a burden. And all the goods are delivered to the outlets by the fish farms themselves. To do this, they have to maintain a fleet of their own cars. For example, the Biserovsky Combine converted 12 GAZelles into “fish carts”, installing welded tanks on them, making thermal insulation from foam plastic, placing a couple of cylinders with oxygen and equipment for spraying it in water.

Sales are also complicated by the fact that, for example, in Moscow, for example, there are aquariums for selling fish in no more than 10% of grocery stores. And the fish farms cannot take over their construction: it is too expensive. A good aquarium with an oxygen supply system, water purification, and an accompanying refrigerator (the latter is especially necessary for trout) costs about $6-10 thousand. The most primitive plastic tank with a water treatment system costs 17-18 thousand rubles.

Plus, now all stores, without exception, pay for live fish only upon its sale. The delay in payment is on average from 7 to 30 days. As a result, fish farms always have accounts payable. For example, at the Biserovsky farm, it is from 3 to 6 million rubles per month.

The conclusions for a novice fish farmer suggest themselves: building a business based on the stable sale of caught fish is too risky. It is better to start with the organization of paid fishing.

Breeding crucian

More often they grow crucian carp as an additional fish in carp ponds, but sometimes they also breed it in monoculture. For this, the relatively fast-growing silver is most suitable, although it is somewhat less common than gold. Carp breed it is possible in such ponds where the breeding of carp and other fish is impossible, since it is unpretentious and not susceptible to carp diseases such as rubella and branchiomycosis (Branchiomycosis , an infectious disease of pond fish caused by a microscopic fungus). causing great damage to carp farms. In addition, in terms of the quality of their meat, crucian carp is not inferior to carp.

Farms engaged in breeding crucian carp come with a two-year and three-year turnover. This requires the same categories of ponds as in the carp farm.

Production processes for breeding silver carp begin with the selection of producers. For this, females of goldfish and males of goldfish, carp or carp are used (as noted earlier, only females are often found among goldfish). In size, males of carp, carp or goldfish should not differ much from females goldfish.

Goldfish females are selected with the highest body. They have, as shown by observations, the number of gill rakers on the first gill arch is greater than that of more runaway ones, and juvenile goldfish with a large number of gill rakers grow better.

Before spawning, males and females are kept separately. Although female goldfish become sexually mature in most cases in the second year of life, it is better to use fish of 3-6 years of age for breeding. The number of females of goldfish is determined based on the receipt of 10-15 thousand fry from one female.

Spawning of silver carp is carried out in the middle or end of June; in very warm weather in early June. As spawning ponds, carp spawning grounds are used (considering that silver carp spawns later than carp) after transplanting carp fry into nursery ponds or wintering areas in which crucian carp willingly spawns. Ponds intended for spawning of silver carp are flooded 1-2 days before the producers are planted in them. At 100 m 2 area of ​​the spawning pond, five females of silver carp and five males of golden carp, carp or carp are planted for spawning. At the same time, males of carp, carp or golden carp are chosen with flowing milk.

If there is little natural substrate in the form of green meadow vegetation in spawning ponds, then artificial spawning grounds are established - the same as for carp or tench.

Hatching of goldfish larvae occurs on the 3rd-6th day after spawning (depending on temperature). In spawning ponds, hatched juveniles of goldfish are left for 15-20 days. To improve the growth of young, as in carp breeding, spawning ponds are fertilized by adding a mixture of peat, humus, slaked lime, superphosphate and slurry before filling them. per 1000 m ponds contribute about 100 kg peat, 300 kg humus, 20 each kg lime and superphosphate and 10-15 buckets of slurry.

After 16-20 days, the fry are transplanted into rearing ponds. The methods of transplantation and counting of silver carp fry are fundamentally no different from the methods indicated for carp. It should only be noted that spawning ponds are drained slowly. With the rapid descent of the ponds, a significant part of the fry is clogged into the grass and remains uncaught. Calculation of the planting of goldfish fry in rearing ponds is carried out according to the formula that was given for carp. The yield of underyearlings of goldfish is taken equal to 70–75% of the number of planted fry, the average weight of underyearlings is 15–25 G, and natural fish productivity - according to the actual data obtained from the rearing of underyearlings of silver carp. If the cultivation of fingerlings of silver carp is carried out for the first time, then approximately it is taken equal to the natural fish productivity for fingerlings of carp or even somewhat higher. Control over the rearing of underyearlings of silver carp in rearing ponds is no different from what was indicated for carp.

If silver carp hibernates in special wintering ponds (the same as carp), then other fish are not planted there. In such cases, 1 ha In a wintering pond, up to 1 million underyearlings or up to 500,000 two-year-old goldfish can be planted. In time, the transplantation of silver carp for wintering coincides with the transplantation of carp. Methods and techniques for counting goldfish fingerlings when transplanted into wintering ponds do not differ from those described for carp.

The yield of goldfish yearlings after wintering is 80-90% of the number of yearlings planted.

Silver carp can also overwinter in stagnant nursery ponds with a non-freezing water layer of at least 70 cm with well-organized mechanical aeration of water in winter. In such cases, 1 ha in the non-freezing part of the pond, up to 500 thousand yearlings or 200 thousand two-year-olds are allowed to be planted.

Caring for ponds and wintering fish in them is no different from those described for carp.

Further cultivation of table goldfish is carried out with a two-year or three-year turnover. At the same time, production processes are no different from those in carp farming.

The calculation of planting goldfish in feeding ponds under monoculture conditions is carried out according to the same formula as for carp, but with the only difference that the final weight of a two-year-old goldfish is taken as 200-250 G, and three years old - 300-400 G. The output of two-year-olds from feeding ponds is 85-90%, three-year-olds - 90-95%. The fish productivity of feeding ponds, in which table goldfish are grown, is taken equal to 70-80% of the fish productivity for carp. According to some reports, it can be taken equal to the fish productivity of carp. But this cannot be recommended, since in such cases the crucian turns out to be too small (two-year-olds are not more than 150 e, and three-year-olds are about 200 G).

http://ribvod.ru/rybolovstvo/razvedenie-karasya

Carp breeding in a pond as a business is a business that does not require a lot of time and money. Although it is necessary to know some nuances in order for fish farming to grow from an ordinary hobby into a profitable occupation. Why should you opt for carp, as it grows quickly, it is considered unpretentious in cultivation. For these purposes, an artificial reservoir located in the country is suitable.

Carp grows fast and is considered undemanding to grow.

Renting a pond for carp breeding is quite an expensive pleasure. But if you have a dacha, then why not take care of a suitable reservoir ?! Before you start breeding these river dwellers, you need to pay attention to the following aspects, including:

Carps are not particularly picky about the conditions of detention, which is why they are bred in the country most often, which cannot be said about trout. Koi, common, mirror, frame carp are those species that can be found in artificial reservoirs of enterprising fishermen. If you clean the water in the reservoir in a timely manner, change the ornamental plants in it, properly feed them, then the business associated with their breeding will quickly pay off.

How to properly breed carp in a pond?

Of course, there are certain requirements for keeping carp at home. Knowing the main secrets and features of this craft, business owners will be able to achieve the desired results much faster at low cost. Most of the funds will go to the purchase of feed, especially since carp should be fed twice a day.

At the same time, the reservoir for their breeding should not be too deep. They love warm water, and if the pond is deep, then the water will warm up for an excessively long time. As a rule, many anglers prefer to buy one-year-old carps, which are immediately launched into the pond. What else do you need to remember for those who want to breed carp in the pond? Here are the main factors:

With proper feeding and maintenance, the carp will grow quickly, after which its owner will not end up with buyers

1. Take care of the pond, inspecting the tightness of the equipment. It is advisable to thin out the plants inside the pond.
2. As food, carp need earthworms, insect larvae, as well as steamed grain, legumes, cereals and compound feed.
3. Feeding is recommended to be carried out at the same time in order to develop a reflex in fish. Thus, they will find it faster, and absorb it much better. Some fish farm owners install special bells, signaling the inhabitants of the reservoir about eating.
4. Average pond sizes should not be too large. The optimal size is 5 by 10 meters. Tightness, excellent aeration and a drain system are the requirements that a reservoir must meet.
5. In order to save money, a reservoir for carp is advised to do it yourself.

With proper feeding and maintenance, river fish will grow quickly, after which its owner will not end up with buyers. Puberty in carps occurs on average at 4 years of their life (if we are talking about females). They produce approximately 200,000 eggs per 1 kg of live weight.

Carp breeding in a pond as a business, video:

Undoubtedly, carp breeding in a pond as a business is a hot topic that interests fish farm owners. A correctly drawn up business plan for growing them, carrying out preparatory work, creating conditions for keeping, a balanced diet are factors that should be taken into account when breeding cyprinids in a pond in the country.